Clinical Study
Radiographic and Clinical Findings of Single-Visit Root Canal Treatments with Apical Enlargement in Necrotic Teeth: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Table 1
Distribution of the prognostic factors according to the inception cohort and study cohort, including the healed and nonhealed samples (
values).
| | Inception cohort () | Study cohort () | Healed | Nonhealed | value | | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) |
| | Preoperative | | Gender | | Male | 52 (38) | 26 (28.9) | 24 (92.3) | 2 (7.7) | 0.159a | | Female | 85 (62) | 64 (71.1) | 63 (98.4) | 1 (1.6) | | Age at treatment | | <45 years old | 67 (48.9) | 47 (52.2) | 45 (95.7) | 2 (4.3) | 0.625a | | ≥45 years old | 70 (51.1) | 43 (47.8) | 42 (97.7) | 1 (2.3) | | Preoperative pain | | Absent | 76 (55.5) | 53 (58.9) | 52 (98.1) | 1 (1.9) | 0.611a | | Present | 61 (44.5) | 37 (41.1) | 35 (94.6) | 2 (5.4) | | Tooth type | | Maxillary | 86 (62.8) | 51 (56.7) | 49 (96.1) | 2 (3.9) | 0.358a | | Mandibular | 51 (37.2) | 39 (43.3) | 38 (97.4) | 1 (2.6) | | Radiolucency | | Absent | 3 (2.2) | 2 (2.2) | 2 (100) | 0 (0) | 0.681b | | <2 mm | 39 (28.5) | 26 (28.9) | 26 (100) | 0 (0) | | 2–5 mm | 64 (46.7) | 36 (40.0) | 34 (94.4) | 2 (5.6) | | >5 mm | 31 (22.6) | 26 (28.9) | 25 (96.2) | 1 (3.8) | | Preoperative PAI score | | 1 | 1 (0.7) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | 0.310b | | 2 | 14 (10.2) | 3 (3.3) | 3 (100) | 0 (0) | | 3 | 88 (64.2) | 57 (63.3) | 55 (96.5) | 2 (3.5) | | 4 | 17 (12.4) | 13 (14.4) | 13 (100) | 0 (0) | | 5 | 17 (12.4) | 16 (17.8) | 15 (93.8) | 1 (6.3) | | Periodontal defects | | Absent | 131 (95.6) | 85 (94.4) | 82 (96.5) | 3 (3.5) | 0.757a | | Present | 6 (4.4) | 5 (5.6) | 5 (100) | 0 (0) | | Intraoperative | | Root filling length | | Adequate | 137 (100) | 90 (100) | 87 (96.7) | 3 (3.3) | — | | Short | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | Long | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | Root filling voids | | Absent | 137 (100) | 90 (100) | 87 (96.7) | 3 (3.3) | — | | Present | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | Complications | | No | 134 (97.8) | 87 (96.7) | 84 (96.6) | 3 (3.4) | 0.684a | | Yes | 3 (2.2) | 3 (3.3) | 3 (100) | 0 (0) | | Sealer extrusion | | No | 76 (55.5) | 49 (54.4) | 49 (100) | 0 (0) | 0.879a | | Yes | 61 (45.5) | 41 (45.6) | 38 (92.7) | 3 (7.3) | | Postoperative | | Density of root filling | | Dense and tapered | 90 (100) | 90 (100) | 87 (96.7) | 3 (3.3) | — | | Voids present | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | Poorly condensed | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | Quality of coronal restoration | | Adequate | 87 (96.7) | 87 (96.7) | 84 (96.6) | 3 (3.4) | — | | Marginal deficiency | 3 (3.3) | 3 (3.3) | 3 (100) | 0 (0) | | Postoperative signs/symptoms | | Absent | 89 (98.9) | 89 (98.9) | 87 (97.8) | 2 (2.2) | — | | Present | 1 (1.1) | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | | Radiolucency | | Absent | 87 (96.7) | 87 (96.7) | 86 (98.9) | 1 (1.1) | — | | Present | 3 (3.3) | 3 (3.3) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | | Postoperative PAI score | | 1 | 68 (75.6) | 68 (75.6) | 68 (100) | 0 (0) | — | | 2 | 19 (21.1) | 19 (21.1) | 19 (100) | 0 (0) | | 3 | 3 (3.3) | 3 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 3 (100) | | 4 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | 5 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | Fracture | | Absent | 90 (100) | 90 (100) | 87 (96.7) | 3 (3.3) | — | | Present | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | Restoration at follow-up | | Definitive filling | 43 (31.4) | 30 (33.3) | 28 (93.3) | 2 (6.7) | 0.759a | | Crown | 94 (68.6) | 60 (66.7) | 59 (98.3) | 1 (1.7) | | Post | | Absent | 93 (67.9) | 61 (67.8) | 58 (95.1) | 3 (4.9) | 0.987a | | Present | 44 (32.1) | 29 (32.2) | 29 (100) | 0 (0) |
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PAI: periapical index. aFisher’s exact test. bFisher-Freeman-Halton exact test.
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