Interactions of Consanguinity and Number of Siblings with Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Table 4

Comparison of characteristics of ALL children compared with consanguinity.

	Nonconsanguineous	All-degree consanguinity	value^a	3^rd degree consanguinity	value^a	4^th degree consanguinity	value^a
Gender
Male	76	43	NS	37	NS	6	NS
Female	47	27		21		6
Subtype							NS
B-cell ALL	100	51	NS	41	NS	10
T-cell ALL	21	17		15		2
Prognosis risk
Low	64	27	NS	22	NS	5	NS
High	50	36		31		5
Duration of symptoms before evaluation
2 weeks or less	34	16	NS	16	NS	0	0.0645
2–4 weeks	38	21		17		4
4 weeks and more	48	32	NS	24	NS	8	0.0747
WBC
Low	2	3	NS	3	0.0656	0	NS
Normal	60	27		18		9
High	61	38	NS	36	0.0457b	2	0.0405^b
Haemoglobin level
Normal	11	12	NS	11	0.0515c	1	NS
Low	68	33		27		6
Very low	44	24	NS	19	NS	5	NS
Platelets count
400 000+	1	3	NS	3	0.0404	0	NS
150 000–400 000	14	7	NS	4	NS	3	NS^d
150 000 and less	108	57		48		9
CXR
Normal	92	43	NS	35		8	NS
Abnormal	20	12		10		2
Age
0–	50	20	NS	17	NS	3	NS
5–9	61	33		30		3
10-14	12	17	0.0242	11	NS	6	0.0006
Mother education level
Low	46	42	NS	34	NS	8	0.0622
Medium	35	17		16		1
High	12	4	NS	3	NS	1	NS
Father education level
Low	53	33	NS	26		7	NS
Medium	27	20	NS	18	NS	2	NS
High	17	10		9		1
CD 10
Negative	20	17	NS	14	NS	3	NS
20% and above	89	44		37		7
FAB classification
L1	65	25	0.0054	20	0.0079	5	NS
L2	26	27		22		5
Hepatosplenomegaly
Negative	25	25	0.0161	19	0.0550	6	0.0271
Positive	92	41		35		6
Lymphadenopathy
Negative	23	10	NS	7	NS	3	NS
Positive	100	58		49		9
Family history
Negative	104	56	0.0811	48	NS	8	0.0387
Positive	9	11		8		3

ALL: acute lymphoblastic leukemia; NS: not significant; FAB: French–American–British classification. Different total subjects between groups occur as some data is missing. ^aAll values are compared with the nonconsanguineous group. ^bThe value when calculated between normal WBC and abnormal is 0.0303 for 3^rd degree and 0.0357 for 4^th degree consanguinity. ^cThe value when calculated between normal haemoglobin and abnormal is 0.0485. ^dThe value when calculated between 150 000 and 20 000, and 20 000 was 0.0156, WBC count of 1500- cells/L, haemoglobin level of 11-16g/dL, and platelet counts of 150 000- cells/L) were considered normal.