The Classification of the Persistent Infection Risk for Human Papillomavirus among HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex with Men: Trajectory Model Analysis

Table 4

The results of risk factors of flat group and increased group for HPV infection among 361 HIV-negative MSM in Urumqi, China: a multinomial logistic model analysis.

	Flat group		Increased group
	AOR (95% CI)	value	AOR (95% CI)	value
Age (years)
18~	Ref.		Ref.
30~	0.77 (0.45-1.31)	0.333	0.40 (0.12-1.38)	0.148
40~	1.44 (0.61-3.38)	0.405	0.96 (0.17-5.41)	0.961
Ethnicity
Han ethnicity	Ref.		Ref.
Minority ethnicity	2.38 (0.99-5.71)	0.052	2.91 (0.70-12.10)	0.142
Marriage status
Unmarried	Ref.		Ref.
Married	1.41 (0.67-2.96)	0.363	1.42 (0.27-7.32)	0.679
Divorced or widowed^a	1.58 (0.55-4.50)	0.393	5.50 (0.94-32.20)	0.059
Pattern of anal intercourse
Mainly insertive	Ref.		Ref.
Mainly receptive	2.24 (1.36-3.71)	0.002	2.81 (1.04-7.70)	0.041
Frequency of condom use for anal sex in the past 6 months
Always	Ref.		Ref.
Sometimes	1.90 (1.16-3.14)	0.011	3.93 (1.40-11.01)	0.009
Ever had transactional sex with man in the past year
No	Ref.		Ref.
Yes	3.60 (1.12-11.54)	0.031	2.09 (0.20-21.38)	0.535
Ever had other STIs^b
No	Ref.		Ref.
Yes	1.36 (0.53-3.48)	0.525	5.72 (1.40-23.46)	0.015
Substance use^c
No	Ref.		Ref.
Yes	1.81 (1.08-3.04)	0.025	2.69 (0.94-7.74)	0.066
Ever obtained sex partner with man from the males public baths
No	Ref.		Ref.
Yes	1.17 (0.62-2.22)	0.634	1.02 (0.28-3.74)	0.973

Reference group: decreased group. MSM: men who have sex with men; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; HPV: human papillomavirus; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. ^aDivorced or widowed: two participants in the study were widowed. ^bSubstance use: marijuana, amyl nitrates, crack, other cocaine, and uppers. ^cOther STIs: candida albicans, syphilis, gonorrhea, human herpesvirus, hepatitis B, etc.