Effect of Novel Rhythmic Physical Activities on Fundamental Movement Skills in 3- to 5-Year-Old Children

Table 3

Movement examples of NRPA and TRPA.

Term	Song	Movement of NRPA	NSAR (years)	Movement of TRPA	TSAR (years)	Dur (s)	Tempo (beat/min)
First	Hit the gyro on the ice	B: flexing, extending, turning; L: squatting, walking; M: throwing, hitting	3	With the rhythm of the same music, the flexion, extension, vibration, torsion, and looping of the joints are completed from head to foot in place.	No age differences	145	132
	Pony crossing the river	B: standing on a single leg, flexing, extending, turning; L: walking, galloping, sliding; M: rolling	4			156	130
	White dragon horse	B: standing on the tiptoes, standing on a single leg, rotating, swaying; L: walking backwards, running, skipping, galloping; M: holding, throwing, hitting	5			170	140
Second	Where does dad go	B: dropping, lifting, flexing, extending, turning; L: walking, jumping; M: kicking	3			156	122
	My chick	B: standing on a single leg, flexing, extending, flapping, rotating; L: walking, running, leaping; M: catching, throwing	4			192	132
	Be your good friend	B: standing on the tiptoes, standing on a single leg, flexing, extending, rotating; L: walking sideways, running, sliding, hopping; M: holding, dribbling, catching	5			227	140

Note. B: balance; L: locomotor; M: manipulative; NRPA: novel rhythmic physical activities; TRPA: traditional rhythmic physical activities; NSAR: novel suitable age range; TSAR: traditional suitable age range.