Synergistic Antiproliferative Effects of All-Trans Retinoic Acid and Paclitaxel on Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Epithelial Cells

Figure 1

Combination treatment with PAC and ATRA synergistically inhibits ADPKD cell proliferation. WT 9-7 cells were treated with PAC and ATRA. (a) Cells were treated with 10 nM ATRA plus various concentrations of PAC (0.1 to 100 nM) for 48 h. (b) Cells were treated with 1 nM PAC plus various concentrations of ATRA (10 to 1000 nM) for 48 h. (c) Cells were treated with 10 nM ATRA alone, 1 nM PAC alone, or 10 nM ATRA plus 1 nM PAC for different time periods (48, 72, or 96 h). (d) HRECs were treated with 10 nM ATRA plus 1 nM PAC. After treatment, cells were harvested, and their viability was determined by the EZ-Cytox assay. (e) After 24 h of culture, a wound was created by scratching the WT 9-7. Cell monolayer with a micropipette tip (200 μL). The cells were then treated with 1 nM PAC plus 10 nM ATRA. The red dotted lines indicate the wound gap at the beginning of the assay; the wound gap was recorded at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h postscratching. Magnification 40x, scale bar 200 μm. (f) The relative scratch gap was calculated as the ratio of the measured size of the gap at the given time point and the initial gap size at 0 h. Data are expressed as the . vs. DMSO, ^#.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)