Development and Evaluation of Nomograms to Predict the Cancer-Specific Mortality and Overall Mortality of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Table 3

Univariable and multivariable analyses of overall survival.

Overall survival (Cox proportional hazards)
Characteristic	Univariable		Multivariable
	HR/Wald (95% CI)	value	HR (95% CI)	value
Age (years)	1.007 (1.007-1.007)	<0.001	1.009 (1.008-1.010)	<0.001
Sex
0 (female)
1 (male)	49.321 (0.886-0.934)	<0.001	1.031 (1.014-1.049)	<0.001
Race	314.874	<0.001
1 (white)	2.475 (0.705-1.039)	0.116
2 (black)	172.787 (1.185-1.258)	<0.001	1.043 (1.021-1.065)	<0.001
3 (others)	289.503 (1.357-1.469)	<0.001	0.895 (0.877-0.914)	<0.001
Grade	1225.702	<0.001
Low	1141.247 (0.627-0.660)	<0.001
High	6.827 (1.013-1.096)	0.009	1.036 (1.018-1.055)	<0.001
Tumor size	5717.775	<0.001
<5 mm	4819.242 (0.339-0.360)	<0.001
≥5 mm	369.677 (0.735-0.778)	<0.001	1.006 (0.989-1.023)	0.505
Lymphatic metastasis	3035.483	<0.001
No	2055.399 (0.504-0.533)	<0.001
Yes	43.073 (1.118-1.228)	<0.001	0.989 (0.958-1.022)	0.510
Distant metastasis	5667.517	<0.001
No	1622.374 (0.478-0.512)	<0.001
Yes	359.701 (1.440-1.566)	<0.001	1.006 (0.987-1.042)	0.316
Stage
Early (1, 2)	3528.578 (0.394-0.418)	<0.001
Advanced (3, 4)	134.646 (1.160-1.232)	<0.001	1.064 (1.043-1.085)	<0.001
Surgery (yes:1, no: 0)	6792.709	<0.001
No	667.712 (3.726-4.623)	<0.001
Yes	6733.661 (3.301-3.500)	<0.001	0.808 (0.795-0.821)	<0.001
Radiotherapy	117.182	<0.001
No	60.740 (0.590-0.730)	<0.001
Yes	17.389 (0.700-0.879)	<0.001	0.932 (0.906-0.959)	<0.001
Insurance	364.771	<0.001
No	46.105 (1.174-1.338)	<0.001
Yes	240.728 (0.806-0.846)	<0.001	0.961 (0.918-1.005)	0.081
Marriage	313.330	<0.001
No	18.338 (1.069-1.195)	<0.001	1
Yes	8.244 (0.872-0.974)	0.004	0.949 (0.935-0.963)	<0.001

HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval. .