Screening of Altered Metabolites and Metabolic Pathways in Celiac Disease Using NMR Spectroscopy

Figure 2

Pathway analysis overview showing altered metabolic pathways in serum from CeD subjects using MetaboAnalyst 4.0. (1) Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. (2) Primary bile acid biosynthesis. (3) Nitrogen metabolism. (4) Glutamine and glutamate metabolism. (5) Valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation. (6) Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. (7) Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism. (8) Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. (9) Arginine biosynthesis.