The Impact of Berberine on Intestinal Morphology, Microbes, and Immune Function of Broilers in Response to Necrotic Enteritis Challenge

Table 1

Diet compositions and nutrient levels.

Ingredients (%)
Corn	59.79
Soybean meal	34.28
Vegetable oil	2.20
Dicalcium phosphate	1.50
Limestone	1.40
Table salt	0.30
DL-methionine	0.20
Mineral premix^1	0.10
L-lysine	0.10
Choline chloride	0.10
Vitamin premix^2	0.03
Nutrient levels
ME (kcal/kg)	2988.64
Crude protein	21.62
Met (%)	0.54
Lys (%)	1.16
Calcium (%)	1.02
Nonphytate phosphorus (%)	0.46

¹Provided per kg of diet: vitamin A, 12 500 IU; vitamin D₃, 3 000 IU; vitamin E, 20 IU; vitamin K₃, 2.5 mg; vitamin B₁, 2 mg; vitamin B₂, 6 mg; vitamin B₆, 3.5 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 0.02 mg; pantothenic acid, 12 mg; niacin, 35 mg; folic acid, 1.5 mg; biotin, 0.2 mg. ²Provided per kg of diet: Cu (copper sulfate), 10 mg; Fe (ferrous sulfate), 60 mg; Zn (zinc sulfate), 75 mg; Mn (manganese sulfate), 100 mg; I (potassium iodide), 0.7 mg; Se (sodium selenite), 0.15 mg.