Viral Coinfection among COVID-19 Patient Groups: An Update Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Evaluated articles featured in the present meta-analysis.

Author	Country	Design	Publication year	Mean age	Sample size	Viral coinfection prevalence (95% CI)
Zhu et al. [48]	China	Retrospective case series	2020	51	257	31.52 (25.89 to 37.58)
Zheng et al. [47]	China	Retrospective case series	2020	30.6	1001	0.40 (0.11 to 1.02)
Blasco et al. [19]	Spain	Retrospective case series	2020	64	183	1.64 (0.34 to 4.72)
Contou et al. [22]	France	Retrospective case series	2020	61	92	14.13 (7.74 to 22.95)
Chen et al. [20]	China	Retrospective case series	2020	52.5	326	6.13 (3.79 to 9.32)
Chen et al. [21]	China	Retrospective case series	2020	51	123	12.20 (6.99 to 19.32)
Luna et al. [23]	Brazil	Case series	2020	48.49	115	11.30 (6.16 to 18.55)
Ding et al. [24]	China	Case series	2020	50.2	115	4.35 (1.43 to 9.85)
Ebrahim [25]	Saudi Arabia	Case series	2020	44	99	0.00 (0.00 to 3.66)
Garcia-Vidal et al. [26]	Spain	Retrospective case series	2020	62	989	0.61 (0.22 to 1.32)
Hashemi et al. [27]	Iran	Case series	2020	—	105	21.9 (14.42 to 31.03)
Hazra et al. [28]	Chicago	Cross-sectional	2020	—	459	3.70 (2.17 to 5.86)
Hughes et al. [29]	UK	Retrospective case series	2020	69.5	836	0.00 (0.00 to 0.44)
Jiang et al. [30]	China	Case series	2020	≤14	161	0.40 (0.11 to 1.02)
Kim et al. [8]	California	Cross-sectional	2020	46.9	116	21.55 (14.46 to 30.15)
Leuzinger et al. [31]	Switzerland	Prospective case series	2020	49	825	12.97 (10.75 to 15.46)
Li et al. [49]	China	Case series	2020	57	32	15.63 (5.28 to 32.79)
Lin et al. [32]	China	Retrospective case series	2020	18-65	92	6.52 (2.43 to 13.66)
Lin et al. [33]	China	Retrospective case series	2020	45	133	12.78 (7.63 to 19.67)
Lv et al. [34]	China	Retrospective cohort	2020	62	354	0.28 (0.01 to 1.56)
Ma et al. [35]	China	Case series	2020	45.5	250	8.80 (5.60 to 13.02)
Ma et al. [36]	China	Cross-sectional	2020	67	93	49.46 (38.93 to 60.03)
Massey et al. [67]	USA	Retrospective case series	2020	62.3	790	34.18 (30.87 to 37.60)
Motta et al. [37]	Multiplace	Cohort	2020	—	69	1.45 (0.04 to 7.81)
Nowak et al. [38]	New York	Retrospective case series	2020	60.2	408	20.34 (16.54 to 24.58)
Sharov et al. [39]	Russia	Retrospective case series	2020	—	147	59.86 (51.47 to 67.85)
Teotonio et al. [40]	Brazil	Retrospective case series	2020	44.55	112	38.39 (29.36 to 48.06)
Vaughn et al. [41]	Michigan	Cohort	2020	64.7	1705	0.53 (0.24 to 1.00)
Weissberg et al. [42]	Switzerland	Retrospective cohort	2020	49	11	9.09 (0.23 to 41.28)
Wu et al. [43]	China	Retrospective case series	2020	6	74	13.51 (6.68 to 23.45)
Yu et al. [44]	China	Prospective cohort	2020	57	67	10.45 (4.30 to 20.35)
Yue et al. [45]	China	Retrospective case series	2020	—	307	49.84 (44.11 to 55.57)
Zhang et al. [46]	China	Retrospective case series	2020	64.76	38	15.79 (6.02 to 31.25)

CI: confidence interval; Belgium, Brazil, France, Italy, Russia, Singapore, Spain, and Switzerland.