Assessment of Serum sRANKL, sRANKL/OPG Ratio, and Other Bone Turnover Markers with the Estimated 10-Year Risk of Major and Hip Osteoporotic Fractures in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 2

Correlations of bone mineral density in two regions in RA patients with clinical characteristics, serological features, and bone biomarker serum levels.

	Total hip BMD (g/cm^2)		Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm^2)
	Clinical characteristics and serological features
Age (yr)	-0.462	<0.001	-0.380	<0.001
Body mass index (kg/cm^2)	0.275	0.001	0.179	0.025
Disease duration (yr)	-0.234	0.003	-0.015	0.852
Menopausal duration (yr)	-0.385	<0.001	-0.348	<0.001
DAS28 score	-0.121	0.133	0.003	0.970
HAQ-Di score	-0.058	0.473	-0.026	0.751
ESR (mm/hr)	-0.236	0.003	-0.103	0.202
Rheumatoid factor (UI/mL)	-0.101	0.210	-0.052	0.518
Tumor necrosis factor-α (pg/mL)	0.025	0.756	0.076	0.348
Anti-CCP2 (RU/mL)	-0.053	0.510	-0.064	0.426
Anti-MCV (U/mL)	-0.154	0.055	-0.012	0.880
Treatment characteristics
Glucocorticoid dose (mg)	-0.031	0.697	-0.108	0.180
Biomarker serum levels
sRANKL (pmol/L)	-0.267	0.001	-0.044	0.587
OPG (pg/mL)	0.007	0.933	0.077	0.338
sRANKL/OPG ratio	-0.222	0.005	-0.043	0.594
DKK-1(pg/mL)	0.209	0.009	0.157	0.050
SOST (pg/mL)	0.317	<0.001	0.370	<0.001
OC (ng/mL)	0.085	0.294	0.085	0.292
CTSK (pg/mL)	-0.006	0.945	-0.125	0.121

BMD: bone mineral density; DAS28: Disease Activity Score for 28 joints; HAQ-DI: Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; anti-CCP2: 2nd-generation antibodies against citrullinated proteins; anti-MCV: antimutated citrullinated vimentin antibodies; sRANKL: Soluble Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor kappa B Ligand; OPG: osteoprotegerin; DKK-1: Dickkopf-1; SOST: sclerostin; OC: osteocalcin; CTSK: cathepsin k. Correlations between biomarker serum levels and quantitative variables were performed using Pearson test.