Total Saponins from Nigella glandulifera Seeds Ameliorate Adjuvant-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Rats by Inhibition of an Inflammatory Response and Bone Erosion

Figure 4

TSNGS downregulated the level of cytokines mediated by inflammation in AIA rats. The level of TNF-α (a), IL-1β (b), IL-6 (c), IL-17A (d), IL-10 (e), IL-4 (f), and IFN-γ (g) in rat serum or synovial tissue was measured by ELISA or qPCR. Results are presented as , . ^#, ^##, ^### vs. sham, , , vs. model.

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