The Discriminant Use of Intrauterine Balloon Tamponade and Compression Sutures for Management of Major Postpartum Hemorrhage: Comparison of Patient Characteristics and Clinical Outcome
Table 3
Risk factors and their association with success rate for uterine sparing procedures.
a
b
c
value# (a vs. b vs. c)
value† (a vs. ); MD (95% CI)
Success ()
Additional uterine sparing procedures ()
Hysterectomy ()
Additional procedures+hysterectomy ()
Age
33 (SD 4.5)
33.6 (SD 5)
34 (SD 3.7)
0.65
33.8 (SD 4.3)
0.39; 0.84 (-1.08 to 2.76)
Advanced maternal age ()
40 (61.5%)
8 (57.1%)
8 (47.0%)
0.55
16 (51.6%)
0.24
Parity
Nulliparous
32 (49.2%)
6 (42.8%)
8 (47.0%)
0.91
14 (45.2%)
0.44
Multiparous
33 (50.8%)
8 (57.2%)
9 (53.0%)
17 (54.8%)
Gestation at delivery
38.5 (SD 1.5)
37.3 (SD 1.9)
37.7 (SD 1.9)
0.03
37.5 (SD 1.9)
0.01; -0.95 (-1.67 to -0.22)
3 (4.6%)
2 (14.2%)
1 (5.9%)
0.40
3 (9.7%)
0.29
Multiple pregnancy
9 (13.8%)
2 (14.2%)
0 (0.0%)
0.56
2 (6.5%)
0.52
Previous CS
One previous CS
7 (10.7%)
3 (21.4%)
2 (11.8%)
0.19
5 (16.1%)
0.53
Two previous CS
2 (3.0%)
2 (14.2%)
0 (0.0%)
2 (6.5%)
Mode of delivery
Normal vaginal
13 (20.0%)
0 (0.0%)
5 (29.4%)
0.33
5 (16.1%)
0.81
Instrumental
2 (3.1%)
1 (7.1%)
0 (0.0%)
1 (3.2%)
Caesarean
50 (76.9%)
13 (92.9%)
12 (70.6%)
25 (80.6%)
Aetiology of PPH
Uterine atony
44 (67.7%)
8 (57.6%)
13 (76.5%)
0.56
21 (67.7%)
0.45
Placenta praevia
8 (12.3%)
6 (42.8%)
4 (23.5%)
10 (32.2%)
Genital tract trauma
13 (20.0%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
Blood loss at start of uterine sparing procedure (ml)
1083 (SD 255)
1614 (SD 979)
1782 (SD 475)
<0.001
1706 (SD 737)
<0.001; 622 (420 to 825)
at start of uterine sparing procedure
61 (93.8%)
10 (71.4%)
5 (29.4%)
<0.001
15 (48.3%)
<0.001
Presence of accreta
1 (1.5%)
0 (0.0%)
5 (29.4%)
<0.001
5 (16.1%)
0.013
Coagulopathy
9 (13.8%)
7 (50.0%)
16 (94.1%)
<0.001
23 (74.2%)
<0.001
Transfusion of blood products
46 (70.1%)
14 (100.0%)
17 (100.0%)
0.004
31 (100.0%)
<0.001
Positive tamponade test (for those with IUBT)
49/49 (100.0%)
6/7 (85.7%)
1/11 (9.1%)
—
7/18 (38.9%)
—
Initial uterine sparing procedure
IUBT
49 (75.4%)
7 (50.0%)
11 (64.7%)
0.15
18 (58.1%)
0.10
Compression sutures
16 (24.6%)
7 (50.0%)
6 (35.3%)
13 (41.9%)
CI: confidence interval; CS: caesarean section; IUBT: intrauterine balloon tamponade; MD: mean difference; PPH: postpartum hemorrhage; SD: standard deviation. # value by one-way ANOVA or contingency table. † value by student -test or chi-square test. Statistically significant.
