Effect of LongZhang Gargle on Dual-Species Biofilm of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans

Figure 4

Confocal laser scanning microscopy images of different biofilms. (a) Images of single-species biofilms of C. albicans treated with 0, 2, 4, and 8% of LongZhang Gargle for 24 h. Cells were labelled green (SYTO 9), EPS was labelled red (Alexa Fluor 647), and red and green superimposed appear as yellow. Magnification was 63× for oil immersion objective. (b) Images of dual-species biofilms of C. albicans and S. mutans treated with 0, 2, 4, and 8% of LongZhang Gargle for 24 h. Cells were labelled green (SYTO 9), EPS was labelled red (Alexa Fluor 647), and red and green superimposed appear as yellow. Magnification was 63× for the oil immersion objective. (c) Mean fluorescence intensity of single-species biofilms at different concentration of LongZhang Gargle. (d) Mean fluorescence intensity of double-species biofilms at different concentrations of LongZhang Gargle. (e) Mean fluorescence intensity of EPS in double-species biofilms at different concentrations of LongZhang Gargle. All values on three duplicate samples were presented as mean with SD (; ).

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