Maternal Prepregnancy Weight and Pregnancy Outcomes in Saudi Women: Subgroup Analysis from Riyadh Mother and Baby Cohort Study (RAHMA)

Table 2

The effects of prepregnancy BMI on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

	Underweight; ( kg/m^2)	Normal; ( kg/m^2)	Overweight; (-29.9 kg/m^2)	Obese; ( kg/m^2)	value
Gestation diabetes	14 (13.5)	251 (18.0)	334 (21.4)	593 (33.3)	< 0.01
Hypertensive events	0 (0.0)	22 (1.1)	29 (1.2)	63 (2.6)	< 0.01
Gestational age at delivery
PTB (<34 weeks)	6 (3.8)	43 (2.1)	26 (1.1)	49 (2.0)	0.01
PTB (34-36 weeks)	10 (6.4)	146 (7.1)	130 (5.6)	124 (5.1)
Full term (37-41 weeks)	140 (89.7)	1,879 (90.9)	2,174 (93.3)	2,256 (92.9)
Postdate delivery (> 41 weeks)	0 (0.0)	29 (1.4)	39 (1.7)	51 (2.1)	0.11
Induction of labour	19 (12.1)	347 (16.7)	392 (16.8)	477 (19.6)	<0.01
Failed induction of labour	1 (0.06)	41 (11.8)	66 (16.8)	91 (19.0)	0.02
Mode of delivery
Spontaneous vaginal delivery	125 (80.6)	1,619 (78.2)	1,759 (75.7)	1,642 (67.4)	<0.01
Instrumental delivery	12 (7.7)	111 (5.4)	105 (4.5)	92 (3.8)
Elective caesarean section	7 (4.5)	102 (4.9)	148 (6.8)	305 (12.5)
Emergency caesarean section	11 (7.1)	239 (11.9)	303 (13.0)	396 (16.3)
Maternal admission to ICU	1 (0.6)	10 (0.5)	5 (0.2)	9 (0.4)	0.46
Apgar less than 7 at 5 minutes	3 (1.9)	27 (1.3)	24 (1.0)	32 (1.3)	0.66
Stillbirth	1 (0.6)	14 (0.7)	16 (0.7)	16 (0.7)	0.99
Birth weight (kg)
Low birth weight (<2.5 kg)	37 (23.6)	240 (11.5)	167 (7.1)	171 (7.0)	<0.01
Macrosomia (≥4 kg)	1 (0.6)	24 (1.3)	51 (2.3)	125 (5.5)	<0.01
Intrauterine growth restriction	6 (3.8)	40 (1.9)	23 (1.0)	23 (0.9)	<0.01
NICU	5 (3.2)	73 (3.5)	65 (2.8)	98 (4.0)	0.14

BMI: body mass index; ICU: intensive care unit; NICU: neonatal intensive care unit; PTB: preterm birth. Data expressed as (%) or the .