Implications of Continuous Noninvasive Finger Cuff Arterial Pressure Device Use during Cesarean Delivery for Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy Preload Optimization: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Intraoperative maternal profiles.

	Control group ()	GDFT group ()	value
Fluid protocol time (min)	8.4 (3.5)	9.2 (3.5)
The end of fluid protocol to anesthesia time (min)	13.4 (5.9)	13.9 (8.0)
Total fluid (mL)	1132 (108)	1247 (202)
Spinal bupivacaine dose (mg)	11.2 (0.5)	11.2 (0.5)
Sensory blockade
(; %)	0 (0%)	1 (2.70%)
(; %)	8 (23.53%)	9 (24.32%)
(; %)	15 (44.12%)	11 (29.74%)
(; %)	8 (23.53%)	12 (32.43%)
(; %)	3 (8.82%)	4 (10.81%)
Spinal to delivery time (min)	19.1 (4.3)	17.9 (6.9)
Postspinal hypotension (; %)	27 (79.4%)	27 (73.0%)
Norepinephrine dose (μg)	12.5 (10.6)	15.1 (12.8)
Maternal adverse effects (; %)
Nausea	21 (61.76%)	13 (35.14%)
Dizziness	11 (32.35%)	14 (37.84%)
Bradycardia	3 (8.82%)	5 (13.51%)
Shiver	3 (8.82%)	3 (8.11%)

SA = spinal anesthesia; data are mean (SD).