Research Article

Antitumor Effect of Inula viscosa Extracts on DMBA-Induced Skin Carcinoma Are Mediated by Proteasome Inhibition

Table 5

Pharmacokinetics and toxicity evaluation of compounds from Inula viscosa.

InuviscolideIsocosticacidTomentosinCarfilzomib

Absorption and distribution
Blood-brain barrier (LogBB)0.0180.3410.14-1.082
Intestinal absorption (human)97.30693.88197.92255.371
Caco-2 permeability1.2881.5931.3430.056
Metabolism
Substrate CYP2D6NoNoNoNo
Substrate CYP3A4NoYesNoYes
Inhibitor CYP1A2NoNoNoNo
Inhibitor CYP2C9NoNoNoNo
Inhibitor CYP2D6NoNoNoNo
Inhibitor CYP2C19NoNoNoNo
Inhibitor CYP3A4NoNoNoYes
Excretion and toxicity
Clearance1.0571.1621.2761.027
AMES toxicityNoNoNoNo
CarcinogensNoNoNoNo