Allanblackia floribunda Seed Extract Attenuates the Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats via the Inhibition of TNF-α and INF-γ Levels and Modulation in the Expression of Ki67 Protein

Figure 3

Representative gross morphology of the gastric lining of the stomach of experimental animals treated with saline (b), 30 mg/kg (c), 100 mg/kg (d), 300 mg/kg (e), or omeprazole (f) 60 min before the induction of the ulcer with 5 mL/kg of 98% ethanol. The naïve control group (a) presented with characteristically normal gastric morphology with a normal coloration of the intestinal lining. Group (b) presented with severe gastric ulceration as revealed by the eroded gastric lining and hemorrhagic manifestations (yellow arrow). Groups (c) and (d) presented with reduced ulceration and with lesser hemorrhage relative to group (b). Group (f) showed no hemorrhage but mild erosion at some parts of the organ. The section presents photomicrographs of the stomachs showing a panoramic view of the histomorphology of the gastric wall of experimental animals treated with saline (h), 30 mg/kg (i), 100 mg/kg (j), 300 mg/kg (k), or omeprazole (l) versus a naïve control (g). The micrographs presented with delineation of the gastric wall showing the layers of the stomach, mucosa (M), submucosa (SM), and muscularis externa (ME). Group (g) presented with the mucosal lining that is characterized by the intact epithelial lining, typical staining intensity, well-defined cellularity, and no pathological alterations. Groups (h) and (i) presented with distorted gastric histology with the eroded gastric lining and poorly defined submucosal layer. Groups (j)–(l) present with gastric histomorphology that looks characteristically normal. Their staining intensity and histomorphological delineation reveal no apparent histopathological alterations. The third section represents photomicrographs of the stomachs showing an immunohistochemical demonstration of Ki67 in the gastric mucosa of experimental animals treated with saline (n), 30 mg/kg (o), 100 mg/kg (p), 300 mg/kg (q), or omeprazole (r) versus a naïve control (m). Magnification for H&E and Ki67 staining was ×40.