Renal Protective Effect of Beluga Lentil Pretreatment for Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Figure 2

Effects of beluga lentil pretreatment on renal tubular epithelial cells after ischemia/reperfusion injury. (a) Histopathology with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Arrow indicates damaged tubular epithelial cells in the outer medulla. (b) Quantification of tubular injury, as a percentage per unit area. (c) Quantification of KIM-1 and NGAL (tubular epithelial cell injury markers) concentrations, using ELISA. NGAL is significantly reduced in the lentil pretreatment group. (d) TUNEL assay to identify apoptotic cells. Arrow indicates apoptotic fragmented chromosomal DNA. (e) Quantification of TUNEL-positive cells in each kidney. (f) Quantification of Fas and caspase 3 (apoptotic cell injury markers) concentrations, using ELISA. Fas is significantly reduced in the beluga lentil pretreatment group. Normal: control group; untreated: saline-treated group; low: 2 mg beluga lentil pretreatment group; high: 8 mg beluga lentil pretreatment group. Beluga lentil was orally administered for 14 days, and then ischemia was performed for 20 min and reperfusion was performed for 30 min. Scale bar: 10 μm ( and ). KIM-1: kidney injury molecule-1; NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling.

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