Evaluation of Accuracy of Preoperative Planning of the Femurofibular Angle in Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy for Mild Medial Knee Osteoarthritis

Figure 2

The surgical procedure. (a) Normal cartilage and meniscus of the lateral compartment. (b) Degenerative injury of cartilage and meniscus of the medial compartment. (c) A longitudinal skin incision was made, and the superficial medial collateral ligament, pes anserinus, and patellar ligament were exposed. (d) Two Kirschner wires were drilled parallel into the upper third of the proximal tibiofibular joint. (e) Horizontal osteotomy was performed beneath the two wires, with an angle of 110° to the anterior ascending osteotomy behind the patellar tendon. (f) The osteotomy gap was widened until the intraoperative FFA matched the preoperatively determined FFA. (g) After plate fixation, the FFA was measured again, and the osteotomy gap was filled with bone graft.

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