Research Article
Prevalence and Predominant Genotype of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women in Iran
Table 2
Prevalence of HCV viremia according to sociodemographic characteristics and qualitative variables among pregnant women in the south of Iran.
| | No. of all participants (%): 1425 (100%) | No. of HCV RNA-negative subjects (%): 1416 (98.67%) | No. of HCV RNA-positivesubjects (%):9 (0.63%) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | value |
| | Age groups (years) | | | | | | | <20 | 108 (7.6%) | 108 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.0 | | | 20–24 | 283 (19.9%) | 283 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.00 | 1.000 | | 25–29 | 503 (35.3%) | 499 (99.2%) | 4 (0.8%) | 0.00 | 0.995 | | 30–34 | 293 (20.6%) | 290 (98.98%) | 3 (1.02%) | 0.77 (0.17–3.49) | 0.740 | | 35–39 | 192 (13.5%) | 190 (98.95%) | 2 (1.05%) | 0.98 (0.16–5.94) | 0.985 | | >39 | 46 (3.2%) | 46 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.00 | 0.998 | | Place of residence (city) | | | | | | | Bushehr | 616 (43.2%) | 613 (99.01%) | 3 (0.49%) | 1.0 | | | Borazjan | 440 (30.9%) | 437 (98.9%) | 3 (0.68%) | 1.4 (0.28–6.98) | 0.679 | | Ahram | 207 (14.50%) | 206 (99.1%) | 1 (0.48%) | 0.99 (0.1–9.58) | 0.994 | | Jam | 122 (8.6%) | 122 (98.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.00 | 0.997 | | Khormuj | 40 (2.8%) | 38 (92.5%) | 2 (5%) | 10.75 (1.74–66.3) | 0.010 | | Ethnicity | | | | | | | Fars | 1283 (90.0%) | 1275 (99.38%) | 8 (0.62%) | 1.0 | | | Arab | 68 (4.8%) | 67 (98.53%) | 1 (1.47%) | 2.38 (0.29–19.29) | 0.417 | | Afghan | 62 (4.4%) | 62 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.00 | 0.997 | | Turk | 12 (0.8%) | 12 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.00 | 0.999 | | Stage of gestation | | | | | | | First trimester | 256 (18.0%) | 256 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.0 | | | Second trimester | 194 (13.6%) | 193 (99.49%) | 1 (0.51%) | 0.00 | 0.995 | | Third trimester | 975 (68.4%) | 967 (99.18%) | 8 (0.82%) | 0.00 | 0.995 | | Number of pregnancies | | | | | | | One pregnancy | 440 (30.9%) | 438 (99.55%) | 2 (0.45%) | 1.0 | | | Two and three pregnancies | 785 (55.09%) | 780 (99.12%) | 5 (0.64%) | 1.40 (0.27–7.28) | 0.686 | | More than three pregnancies | 200 (14.04%) | 198 (100.0%) | 2 (1.0%) | 2.12 (0.31–15.82) | 0.429 | | History of abortion | | | | | | | No | 934 (65.5%) | 930 (99.57%) | 4 (0.43%) | 1.0 | | | Yes | 231 (16.2%) | 228 (98.7%) | 3 (1.3%) | 3.06 (0.68–13.76) | 0.145 | | Unknown | 260 (18.2%) | 258 (99.23%) | 2 (0.77%) | 1.80 (0.33–9.89) | 0.498 | | Education | | | | | | | Upper diploma | 366 (25.7%) | 363 (99.18%) | 3 (0.82%) | 1.0 | | | Diploma | 677 (47.5%) | 671 (99.11%) | 6 (0.89%) | 1.08 (0.27–4.35) | 0.912 | | Under diploma | 340 (23.9%) | 340 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.00 | 0.994 | | Uneducated | 42 (2.9%) | 42 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.00 | 0.998 | | Year | | | | | | | 2018 | 797 (55.9%) | 794 (99.62%) | 3 (0.38%) | 1.0 | | | 2019 | 628 (44.1%) | 622 (99.04%) | 6 (0.96%) | 2.55 (0.64–10.25) | 0.186 | | Month | | | | | | | Oct | 113 (7.9%) | 113 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.0 | | | Nov | 102 (7.2%) | 102 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 | 1.000 | | Dec | 112 (7.9%) | 111 (0.11%) | 1 (0.89%) | 0.00 | 0.997 | | Jan | 108 (7.6%) | 107 (99.07%) | 1 (0.93%) | 0.96 (0.06–15.61) | 0.979 | | Feb | 291 (20.4%) | 290 (99.66%) | 1 (0.34%) | 2.71 (0.17–43.72) | 0.482 | | Mar | 248 (17.4%) | 247 (99.6%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0.85 (0.05–13.69) | 0.910 | | Apr | 131 (9.2%) | 130 (99.31%) | 1 (0.76%) | 0.53 (0.03–8.48) | 0.651 | | May | 168 (11.8%) | 165 (98.21%) | 3 (1.79%) | 0.42 (0.04–4.11) | 0.459 | | June | 123 (8.6%) | 122 (99.19%) | 1 (0.81%) | 2.22 (0.23–21.58) | 0.493 | | July | 29 (2.0%) | 29 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 | 0.998 | | Smoking | | | | | | | No | 836 (58.7%) | 829 (99.16%) | 7 (0.84%) | 1.0 | | | Yes | 62 (4.4%) | 62 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.00 | 0.997 | | Unknown | 527 (37.0%) | 525 (99.62%) | 2 (0.38%) | 0.45 (0.09–2.18) | 0.322 | | History of blood injection | | | | | | | No | 892 (62.6%) | 885 (98.3%) | 7 (0.79%) | 1.0 | | | Yes | 18 (1.3%) | 18 ((100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.00 | 0.999 | | Unknown | 515 (36.1%) | 513 (99.62%) | 2 (0.38%) | 0.49 (0.10–2.38) | 0.379 | | History of operation | | | | | | | No | 692 (48.6%) | 688 (99.42%) | 4 (0.58%) | 1.0 | | | Yes | 218 (15.3%) | 215 (98.62%) | 3 (1.38%) | 2.40 (0.53–10.81) | 0.254 | | Unknown | 515 (36.1%) | 513 (99.61%) | 2 (0.39%) | 0.67 (0.12–3.67) | 0.645 | | History of tattoo | | | | | | | No | 786 (55.2%) | 779 (99.11%) | 7 (0.89%) | 1.0 | | | Yes | 124 (8.7%) | 124 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.00 | 0.996 | | Unknown | 515 (36.1%) | 513 (99.61%) | 2 (0.39%) | 0.43 (0.09–2.10) | 0.299 | | History of dentistry | | | | | | | No | 504 (35.4%) | 501 (99.4%) | 3 (0.6%) | 1.0 | | | Yes | 406 (28.5%) | 402 (99.01%) | 4 (0.99%) | 1.66 (0.37–7.47) | 0.508 | | Unknown | 515 (36.1%) | 513 (99.61%) | 2 (0.39%) | 0.65 (0.11–3.91) | 0.639 | | History of HBV vaccination | | | | | | | No | 314 (22.0%) | 310 (98.73%) | 4 (1.27%) | 1.0 | | | Yes | 314 (22.0%) | 312 (99.36%) | 2 (0.64%) | 0.50 (0.09–2.73) | 0.421 | | Unknown | 797 (55.9%) | 794 (99.62%) | 3 (0.38%) | 0.30 (0.06–1.32) | 0.109 |
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