Interaction between Different Implant Surfaces and Liquid Fibrinogen: A Pilot In Vitro Experiment

Table 1

Surface treatment of implants evaluated.

Implant surface (comercial brand)	Surface treatment classification	Microtopography	Nanotopography	Global architecture
OsseoSpeed™ (Astra Tech)	Combined; Physical: Sandblasting (titanium oxide); Chemical: fluoride modified	Rough; Moderate; Flattened out	Rough	Nonfractal; Heterogeneous; TiO2–random particle
TiUnite™ (Nobel Biocare™)	Chemical: anodization	Porous; Moderate; Extra rugged	Smooth	Nonfractal; Homogeneous; Extended cracks
SLActive® (ITI Straumann)	Combined; Physical: Sandblasted; Chemical: acid etched	Rough; Moderate; Rugged	Sodium chloride particle	Nonfractal; Heterogeneous
Ossean® (Intra-Lock®)	Combined; Physical: Sandblasting (titanium oxide); Chemical: acid etched, calcium phosphate (molecular impregnation)	Rough; Minimal; Flattened out	Rough	Fractal; Homogeneous
Plenum® (PlenumBioengenharia)	Biomimetic surface; Additive manufactured (laser microfusion of Ti particles grade 23)	Rough; Moderate; Extra rugged	Rough	Fractal; Homogeneous