The Anticancer Role of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles by Inducing Antioxidant Activity in Esophageal Cancer and Cancer Stem-Like ESCC Spheres

Figure 1

CSC characterization of YM1 cells. Section (a): the enrichment process of CSCs is shown. The sphere was developed from passages 1 to 3. Section (b): the pluripotency regulators (SOX2 and OCT4) were significantly overexpressed in sphere cells in comparison to the attached cells. ( value < 0.05, value < 0.01, value< 0.001, value < 0.0001) (CSC: cancer stem cell).