Impact of Adjacent Facet Joint Osteoarthritis on Adjacent Segment Degeneration after Short-Segment Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Indirect Decompression: Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up

Figure 1

Flow diagram with number of patients included. Of 109 patients treated with LLIF and PPS, 41 patients who underwent LLIF+PPS for lumbar degenerative disease and were followed up for at least 5 years were analyzed. Fourteen patients were diagnosed as having ASD (ASD+ group), and 27 were diagnosed as not having ASD (ASD- group (control)). LLIF: lateral lumbar interbody fusion; PPS: percutaneous pedicle screw; ASD: adjacent segment degeneration.