Impact of Adjacent Facet Joint Osteoarthritis on Adjacent Segment Degeneration after Short-Segment Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Indirect Decompression: Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up

Table 3

Analysis of risk factors of ASD, patient characteristics, and postoperative radiographical parameters.

	ASD+ group ()	ASD- group ()
Age, years			0.494
Sex (female)	7 (50.0%)	16 (59.3%)	0.742
Number of fixation levels (2 levels)	6 (42.9%)	4 (14.8%)	0.064
Facet violation with PPS	2 (14.3%)	0	0.111
Radiographical parameters
Postop. PI (degree)			0.432
Postop. PT (degree)			0.908
Postop. SS (degree)			0.313
Postop. LL (degree)			0.754
Postop. PI-LL mismatch (degree)			0.732
Acquisition of local lordosis (degree)			0.637
Acquisition of intervertebral height (mm)			0.165
Radiographical parameters at cranial adjacent level
Preop. facet joint osteoarthritis			0.008
Grade 1	0	6
Grade 2	4	13
Grade 3	9	6
Grade 4	1	2
Preop. adjacent disc degeneration (Pfirrmann grading system)			0.566
Grade 1	0	0
Grade 2	1	1
Grade 3	6	12
Grade 4	7	12
Grade 5	0	2

ASD: adjacent segment degeneration; PPS: percutaneous pedicle screw; PI: pelvic incidence; PT: pelvic tilt; SS: sacral slope; LL: lumbar lordosis.