Treatment with Light-Emitting Diodes of Wavelength 863 nm Delays DMBA/TPA-Induced Skin Tumor Formation and Decreases Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels in ICR Mice

Figure 5

Effects of LED treatment on DMBA/TPA-induced mouse skin tumor formation (group I: control, group II: acetone, group III: DMBA, group IV: DMBA+TPA, and group V: DMBA+TPA+863 nm LED). (a) There was no among-group difference in mouse weight (error bar: standard deviation). (b) Tumors were classified by size (<1 mm², 1 mm² to <3 mm², and >3 mm²). Group IV exhibited the widest size distribution. (c) Tumors first appeared at week 9 in group IV and week 11 in group V, and the numbers then gradually increased (to 80% in group IV and 60% in group V). (d, e) In the analysis of comparison among time points, significant differences compared to baseline were evident from week 18 in group IV and week 19 in group V. In the analysis of comparison among groups, post hoc significant differences compared to group I were evident from week 13 in group IV and week 15 in group V to the time of final measurements. ^####, ^###,, ^{##, ††}, and ^{#, †}. Error bars: standard deviation.

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