Use of the Vascular Overload Index to Predict Cardiovascular Disease in a Rural Population of China

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of participants’ overall and by VOI quartile.

Variables	Overall	VOI by quartiles				value
		Q1 ()	Q2 ()	Q3 ()	Q4 ()
Age (y)						<0.001
Sex (male, %)	4,723 (46.4)	949 (37.9)	1,228 (48.1)	1,276 (50.1)	1,270 (49.3)	<0.001
Ethnicity (Han, %)	9,577 (94.1)	2,369 (94.8)	2,407 (94.5)	2,385 (93.7)	2,416 (94.0)	0.360
SBP						<0.001
DBP						<0.001
BMI						<0.001
Exercise (, %)	2,141 (21.0)	455 (18.2)	457 (17.9)	593 (23.3)	636 (24.7)	<0.001
Education status						<0.001
Primary	5,146 (50.5)	1,056 (42.4)	1,186 (46.7)	1,282 (50.6)	1,578 (61.6)
Middle	4,091 (40.2)	1,189 (47.7)	1,096 (43.1)	1,012 (39.9)	794 (31.0)
High	937 (9.2)	246 (9.9)	259 (10.2)	242 (9.5)	190 (7.4)
Current smoking (, %)	3,606 (35.4)	838 (33.5)	949 (37.2)	940 (36.9)	879 (34.1)	0.007
Current drinking (, %)	2,324 (22.8)	411 (16.4)	628 (24.6)	620 (24.4)	665 (25.8)	<0.001
eGFR (ml/min)						<0.001
TG (mmol)						<0.001
TC (mmol)						<0.001
HDL-C (mmol)						<0.001
FPG (mmol)						<0.001
HTN (, %)	5,176 (50.9)	93 (3.7)	360 (14.1)	2,147 (84.4)	2,576 (100)	<0.001
Diabetes (, %)	433 (4.3)	41 (1.6)	71 (2.8)	137 (5.4)	184 (7.1)	<0.001
CVD history (, %)	805 (7.9)	114 (4.6)	138 (5.4)	208 (8.2)	345 (13.4)	<0.001

Abbreviations: SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; TG: triglycerides; TC: total cholesterol; HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG: fasting blood glucose; CVD history: history of cardiovascular disease.