Evaluation of Posturometric Parameters in Children and Youth Who Practice Karate: Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

Table 2

Comparison of pre- and postobservation values of measured parameters in the control group (active children).

Parameter	First (initial) observation		Second (final) observation
	(range)	95% CI	(range)	95% CI
Plumb–line anal cleft (cm)	(0–0.5)	0.32–0.42	(0–2)	0.59–0.83	<0.00001^1
Scapulae level (°)	(0–2)	0.54–0.85	(0–4)	0.19–0.57	<0.001^1
Kyphosis angle (°)	(24–36)	29.31–30.73	(23–42)	31.26–33.32	<0.00001^2
Lordosis angle (°)	(24–32)	30.86–31.98	(22–35)	32.44–33.31	<0.00001^2
Angle of trunk rotation C7–Th1 (°)	(1–3)	1.63–2.04	(0–6)	2.59–3.19	<0.00001^2
Angle of trunk rotation Th (°)	(1–3)	2.38–2.69	(0–7)	3.17–4.02	<0.00001^2
Angle of trunk rotation Th-L/L(°)	(1–3)	2.17–2.54	(1–7)	2.76–3.64	<0.00001^2
Sum of trunk rotation SHS (°)	(2–3)	2.68–2.87	(0–9)	5.27–6.09	<0.00001^2

¹Wilcoxon signed-rank test for continuous variables with nonnormal distribution; ²Student’s test for continuous variables with normal distribution; abbreviations: C: cervical spine; Th: thoracic spine; L: lumbar spine, Th–L: thoraco–lumbar spine; NORM of: plumb line anal cleft (0-0.5 cm), scapulae level (0-2°), kyphosis and lordosis angle (24-36°), angle of trunk rotation C₇–Th₁ (0-3°), angle of trunk rotation Th (0-3°), and angle of trunk rotation Th-L/L (0-3°).