Research Article
Trends of Inequalities in Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys, 2000-2016
Table 1
The trend of early initiation of breastfeeding by different inequality dimensions in Ethiopia (EDHS 2000–2016).
| | Dimensions | Years | | 2000 | 2005 | 2011 | 2016 | | Estimate | LB | UB | Estimate | LB | UB | Estimate | LB | UB | Estimate | LB | UB |
| | Wealth quintile | | Quintile 1 (poorest) | 52.3 | 47.6 | 57.1 | 69.9 | 65.1 | 74.3 | 48.5 | 43.2 | 54.0 | 73.9 | 69.1 | 78.1 | | Quintile 2 | 48.7 | 44.3 | 53.3 | 66.8 | 62.0 | 71.3 | 50.9 | 46.0 | 55.9 | 75.6 | 70.6 | 79.9 | | Quintile 3 | 42.0 | 37.2 | 47.0 | 66.5 | 61.9 | 70.8 | 50.7 | 45.8 | 55.6 | 73.4 | 69.0 | 77.4 | | Quintile 4 | 49.4 | 44.2 | 54.6 | 64.6 | 59.7 | 69.2 | 51.4 | 45.1 | 57.6 | 69.0 | 63.3 | 74.1 | | Quintile 5 (richest) | 44.3 | 39.6 | 49.1 | 61.7 | 55.3 | 67.7 | 57.8 | 52.1 | 63.2 | 74.4 | 68.9 | 79.3 | | Educational status | | No education | 47.8 | 44.9 | 50.7 | 67.5 | 64.5 | 70.4 | 50.7 | 46.9 | 54.4 | 73.4 | 70.6 | 76.1 | | Primary education | 47.8 | 41.8 | 53.8 | 61.6 | 56.6 | 66.3 | 51.5 | 46.8 | 56.2 | 74.1 | 70.0 | 77.9 | | Secondary education and above | 40.4 | 32.0 | 49.5 | 61.1 | 52.4 | 69.1 | 64.1 | 54.9 | 72.3 | 69.8 | 62.9 | 75.9 | | Residence | | Rural | 47.8 | 44.9 | 50.6 | 66.6 | 63.8 | 69.3 | 50.6 | 47.1 | 54.1 | 73.4 | 70.9 | 75.8 | | Urban | 44.0 | 38.4 | 49.7 | 61.0 | 52.0 | 69.3 | 57.1 | 50.3 | 63.7 | 72.6 | 66.0 | 78.3 | | Subnational region | | Tigray | 28.4 | 21.7 | 36.2 | 52.2 | 45.9 | 58.5 | 44.7 | 38.1 | 51.5 | 63.0 | 56.6 | 69.0 | | Afar | 30.5 | 22.7 | 39.7 | 82.4 | 74.0 | 88.5 | 59.6 | 52.7 | 66.1 | 42.0 | 34.7 | 49.7 | | Amhara | 28.4 | 22.9 | 34.7 | 59.8 | 53.9 | 65.5 | 37.5 | 31.2 | 44.2 | 66.0 | 59.7 | 71.8 | | Oromia | 58.4 | 54.6 | 62.1 | 67.8 | 62.4 | 72.7 | 52.6 | 46.6 | 58.5 | 76.7 | 72.9 | 80.1 | | Somalia | 50.3 | 33.7 | 66.7 | 85.4 | 78.4 | 90.5 | 39.6 | 31.2 | 48.5 | 78.2 | 71.7 | 83.5 | | Benishangul | 46.7 | 36.3 | 57.4 | 68.7 | 58.3 | 77.5 | 42.2 | 33.0 | 52.1 | 71.7 | 66.0 | 76.8 | | SNNPR | 54.1 | 48.1 | 60.0 | 69.8 | 65.8 | 73.6 | 66.5 | 61.0 | 71.6 | 77.1 | 71.7 | 81.7 | | Gambela | 47.7 | 39.3 | 56.3 | 69.1 | 59.5 | 77.2 | 59.3 | 46.6 | 70.8 | 67.1 | 60.7 | 73.0 | | Harari | 64.1 | 58.6 | 69.2 | 73.0 | 60.3 | 82.8 | 64.6 | 57.5 | 71.2 | 89.4 | 84.5 | 92.9 | | Addis Ababa | 48.3 | 42.7 | 53.9 | 59.1 | 49.8 | 67.7 | 62.0 | 54.3 | 69.0 | 67.5 | 60.5 | 73.8 | | Dire Dawa | 46.1 | 37.3 | 55.1 | 90.3 | 86.5 | 93.0 | 66.0 | 60.1 | 71.4 | 90.5 | 86.5 | 93.5 | | Total | 47.4 | 66.2 | 51.5 | 73.3 |
|
|
LB: Lower Bound; UB: Upper Bound; SNNPR: Southern Nations Nationalities and People’s Region.
|
