Oral Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Mortality-to-Incidence Ratio Are Associated with Human Development Index in China, 1990–2019

Table 2

Changes and trends of oral cancer at various stages of development in China.

Stages of development	Gender	Change in absolute number (%)		EAPC (95% CI)
		Incident	Death	ASIR	ASMR	MIR
Low HDI (1990-1996)	Both sex	16.72	12.51	-0.05 (-0.23, 0.12)	-0.51 (-0.73, -0.29)	-0.44 (-0.69, -0.19)
Low HDI (1990-1996)	Male	17.43	14.29	3.75 (3.39, 4.11)	2.79 (2.48, 3.11)	-0.88 (-1.01, -0.76)
Low HDI (1990-1996)	Female	15.75	9.60	-0.40 (-0.79, -0.01)	-1.34 (-1.77, -0.92)	-0.92 (-1.08, -0.77)
Medium (1997-2010)	Both sex	128.86	111.75	0.08 (-0.03, 0.20)	-0.41 (-0.56, -0.26)	-0.40 (-0.62, -0.17)
Medium (1997-2010)	Male	191.99	159.93	5.64 (5.20, 6.08)	4.42 (4.01, 4.82)	-1.12 (-1.20, -1.04)
Medium (1997-2010)	Female	42.73	28.96	-0.55 (-1.13, 0.04)	-1.43 (-2.02, -0.83)	-0.86 (-1.00, -0.71)
High (2011-2019)	Both sex	25.50	19.33	-0.21 (-0.49, 0.06)	-1.33 (-1.75, -0.91)	-1.06 (-1.34, -0.78)
High (2011-2019)	Male	24.47	18.21	0.07 (-0.11, 0.24)	-0.95 (-1.04, -0.86)	-1.06 (-1.24, -0.87)
High (2011-2019)	Female	28.53	23.44	0.16 (-0.35, 0.67)	-0.87 (-1.30, -0.44)	-1.07 (-1.30, -0.83)