IgA-Type Enterovirus Antibodies Are Increased among Adults and Children with Recently Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes
Table 3
Prevalence of IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies to enteroviruses (EV) in the study population by the different age groups.
Age groups
Control
T1D
value
All
% (95% CI)
% (95% CI)
% (95% CI)
IgA EV antibodies
0–18.9 y
5/36
13.9 (5.2–30.3)
16/36
44.4 (28.3–61.7)
0.0098
21/72
29.2 (19.3–41.2)
19–35.9 y
2/26
7.7 (1.3–26.6)
13/26
50.0 (32.1–67.9)
0.0055
15/52
28.8 (17.5–43.3)
IgG EV antibodies
0–18.9 y
18/36
50.0 (34.5–65.5)
15/36
41.7 (26.0–59.1)
NS
33/72
45.8 (34.1–57.9)
19–35.9 y
11/26
42.3 (24.0–62.8)
15/26
57.7 (37.2–76.0)
NS
26/52
50.0 (36.9–63.1)
IgM EV antibodies
0–18.9 y
1/36
2.8 (0.1–16.2)
2/36
5.6 (9.7–20.0)
NS
3/72
4.2 (1.1–12.5)
19–35.9 y
0/26
1/26
3.8 (0.2–21.6)
NS
1/52
1.9 (0.1–11.6)
Data are presented as the number of EV antibody-positive persons and percentage with the 95% confidence interval (CI) in a row. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test, matched for gender, age, and HLA-DR/DQ genotype risk groups for type 1 diabetes (T1D). values ≤ 0.05 are in bold. NS: not significant.
