Contributions of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Foot Muscles during Functional Standing Postures

Table 1

Muscle activation (%MVIC) and COPV (cm/s) data for each posture and loading condition. All data are represented as .

Muscle	Load	Posture			Main effects
		Stand	Squat	Heel raise	Load	Posture	Interaction
ABDH	BL				<0.001	<0.001	0.002
		•	•	•
	SL
FHB	BL				<0.001	<0.001	0.035
		•	•	•
	SL
TA	BL				<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
		•		•
	SL
TP	BL	9.5 ± 10.8	10.3 ± 6.8	25.5 ± 24.3	<0.001	0.236	0.003
		•	•
	SL	67.2 ± 61.5^#	47.4 ± 33.6^#	41.3 ± 33.0^a,#
FHL	BL				0.001	<0.001	0.463
			•
	SL
PER	BL				<0.001	<0.001	0.085
		•	•	•
	SL
COPV	BL				<0.001	0.150	<0.001
		•	•
	SL

 = significant -value. • = significant difference between load conditions.  = significant difference from stand (same amount of load).  = significant difference from squat (same amount of load). # = significant difference from BLS.