Development and Verification of Prognostic Nomogram for Penile Cancer Based on the SEER Database

Table 2

Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses for OS based on penile cancer patients in development group.

Factors	Univariate analyses				Multivariate analyses
	HR^1	Lower.95	Upper.95	value	HR^1	Lower.95	Upper.95	value
Age (<50 reference)
50-59	1.131	0.7215	1.773	0.59124	1.2309	0.77595	1.9526	0.377541
60-69	1.090	0.7180	1.655	0.68520	1.1515	0.74684	1.7755	0.523055
70-79	1.802	1.2101	2.682	0.00374	2.0864	1.36742	3.1835	0.000646
80	3.385	2.2930	4.998	8.5-10	4.1810	2.74884	6.3592	2.30-11
Race (black reference)
White	0.8057	0.6070	1.069	0.135	0.6494	0.48414	0.8710	0.003951
Others^2	0.9103	0.5775	1.435	0.686	0.7800	0.49029	1.2408	0.294074
Marital_status (never married reference)
Single^3	1.1864	0.9044	1.5563	0.2172	0.9785	0.72886	1.3136	0.884948
Married	0.7774	0.6134	0.9853	0.0373	0.7197	0.55844	0.9277	0.011084
Stage_T (stage_Tx reference)
Stage_T1a	0.4684	0.2733	0.8028	0.00579	0.9467	0.50694	1.7678	0.863414
Stage_T1b	0.7320	0.4115	1.3021	0.28843	1.3309	0.69430	2.5513	0.389203
Stage_T1NOS	0.5549	0.3230	0.9533	0.03290	1.0067	0.54747	1.8513	0.982764
Stage_T2	0.9758	0.5803	1.6410	0.92645	1.6022	0.88046	2.9156	0.122783
Stage_T3	1.2333	0.7278	2.0900	0.43589	1.8114	0.98363	3.3358	0.056522
Stage_T4	1.5350	0.7892	2.9854	0.20673	1.8733	0.91141	3.8505	0.087707
Stage_N (stage_Nx reference)
Stage_N0	0.5758	0.3700	0.8961	0.0144	0.6480	0.40608	1.0340	0.068828
Stage_N1	1.0894	0.6282	1.8894	0.7604	1.1236	0.61476	2.0535	0.704932
Stage_N2	1.1808	0.6910	2.0179	0.5432	1.2421	0.68519	2.2515	0.475057
Stage_N3	1.7021	1.0337	2.8025	0.0366	1.9072	1.05862	3.4359	0.031585
Stage_M (stage_M0 reference)
Stage_M1	5.657	3.866	8.277	<2-16	2.9853	1.91073	4.6643	1.56-06
Primary_site (penis NOS reference)
Prepuce	0.7669	0.5524	1.065	0.1127	1.1000	0.77691	1.5574	0.591123
Glans	1.0115	0.8204	1.247	0.9144	0.8498	0.67695	1.0668	0.160644
Body	1.0510	0.6889	1.604	0.8175	1.0123	0.65225	1.5710	0.956641
Overlapping	1.4272	0.9619	2.117	0.0772	1.3770	0.91872	2.0640	0.121289
Surgery^4 (no reference)
Destruction^5	0.2747	0.03796	1.9883	0.200768	0.3340	0.04502	2.4780	0.283505
Excision^6	0.3556	0.25177	0.5022	4.33-09	0.5427	0.35817	0.8224	0.003950
Partial remove^7	0.5500	0.40583	0.7455	0.000117	0.6131	0.42087	0.8932	0.010823
Total remove^8	0.7106	0.49235	1.0255	0.067942	0.8759	0.56608	1.3553	0.551899
Radical surgery	1.0104	0.62177	1.6418	0.966832	1.0677	0.61896	1.8419	0.813741
Debulking surgery	0.2530	0.03495	1.8317	0.173608	0.3071	0.04116	2.2910	0.249534
Surgery_LN^9 (no reference)
1-3	1.500	0.9563	2.353	0.0775	0.8601	0.51722	1.4302	0.561268
4	0.827	0.6365	1.075	0.1552	0.4983	0.36023	0.6894	2.60-05
Radiation (no reference)
Before^10	2.909	0.7247	11.678	0.132	2.9055	0.70840	11.9172	0.138551
After^11	1.502	1.0857	2.078	0.014	0.9870	0.67399	1.4455	0.946604
Chemotherapy (no reference)
Yes	1.507	1.166	1.947	0.00174	1.0211	0.73072	1.4268	0.902703
Histologic_type^12 (no reference)
807^13	2.412	1.326	4.389	0.00394	2.1134	1.14950	3.8854	0.016022
808^14	2.701	1.240	5.883	0.01236	2.6931	1.21494	5.9697	0.014713

Signif. codes: 0 “” 0.001 “” 0.01 “” 0.05 “.” 0.1 “ ” 1. ¹Hazard ratio; ²included patients who were not black or white; ³includes patients who are divorced, separated, windowed, and unmarried but have domestic partner; ⁴the surgery of the primary tumor; ⁵local tumor destruction, includes electrocautery, fulguration, or laser; ⁶local tumor excision, includes excisional biopsy, electrocautery, cryosurgery, and laser ablation; ⁷simple/partial surgical removal of primary site; ⁸total surgical removal of primary site (enucleation); ⁹number of lymph nodes removed in surgery; ¹⁰radiation before surgery; ¹¹radiation after surgery; ¹²based on the 3rd Edition (ICD-O-3); ¹³includes squamous cell carcinomas (8070-8076); ¹⁴includes Bowen disease, basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma (clear cell type) (8081, 8083, 8084).