Comparison of the Effects of Abdominal Massage and Oral Administration of Sweet Almond Oil on Constipation and Quality of Life among Elderly Individuals: A Single-Blind Clinical Trial

Table 1

Comparison of the three groups regarding the demographic characteristics.

Variable	Control (%)		Abdominal massage with almond oil (%)	Oral consumption of almond oil (%)	Test results
Sex	Female	12 (46.2)	14 (51.9)	15 (57.7)
	Male	14 (53.8)	13 (48.1)	11 (42.3)
Education	Illiterate	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (7.7)
	Primary school	2 (7.7)	3 (11.1)	2 (7.7)
	Middle school	2 (7.7)	5 (18.5)	4 (15.4)
	High school	16 (61.5)	13 (48.1)	9 (34.6)
	Associate degree	3 (11.5)	3 (11.1)	6 (23.1)
	Bachelor’s degree	3 (11.5)	2 (7.4)	3 (11.5)
	Master’s and higher degrees	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0 (0)
Marital status	Married	19 (73.1)	16 (59.3)	18 (69.2)
	Single	2 (7.7)	4 (14.8)	2 (7.7)
	Divorced	2 (7.7)	3 (11.1)	3 (11.5)
	Widowed	3 (11.5)	4 (14.8)	3 (11.5)
Job	Worker	2 (7.7)	4 (14.8)	2 (7.7)
	Employee	3 (11.5)	3 (11.1)	2 (7.7)
	Retired	6 (23.1)	6 (22.2)	10 (38.5)
	Self-employed	3 (11.5)	2 (7.4)	1 (3.8)
	Farmer	1 (3.8)	2 (7.4)	1 (3.8)
	Homemaker	9 (34.6)	9 (33.3)	9 (34.6)
	Military staff	2 (7.7)	1 (3.7)	1 (3.8)
Smoking	Yes	11 (42.3)	9 (33.3)	9 (34.6)
	No	15 (57.7)	18 (66.7)	17 (65.4)
Exercising	Yes	10 (38.5)	14 (51.9)	7 (26.9)
	No	16 (61.5)	13 (48.1)	19 (73.1)
Age