Neurological Effects of Combining Low Toxic Dose of Tramadol and Nicotine: An Animal Model Evidence of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Figure 11

Animals’ blood levels of dopamine of the different groups in comparison with negative groups (high tramadol, low tramadol, combined tramadol nicotine, nicotine, and, finally, the negative control). There were no significant changes except in the relation between the nicotine group and negative control evaluated individually by -test in the B component of the figure.