Dickkopf 4 Alone and in Combination with Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase as a Good Prognostic Biomarker for Human Colorectal Cancer

Table 6

Death hazard ratio of combined LARS and DKK4 expressions based on DFS.

Characteristics	Univariate		value	Multivariate		value
	HR	(95% CI)		HR	(95% CI)
Expression
L(L)D(L)	1.50	(0.79, 2.88)	0.22	1.59	(0.82, 3.07)	0.168
L(L)D(H)	1.25	(0.52, 2.96)	0.619	1.18	(0.48, 2.87)	0.722
L(H)D(L)	3.21	(1.64, 6.29)	0.001	3.04	(1.52, 6.09)	0.002
L(H)D(H)	Ref.			Ref.
Tumor invasion
T4	5.27	(2.39, 11.60)	<0.001	3.14	(1.27, 7.76)	0.013
LN metastasis
(+)	2.29	(1.41, 3.73)	0.001	1.23	(0.32, 4.69)	0.761
N stage
2	3.13	(1.69, 5.81)	<0.001	1.69	(0.88, 3.25)	0.113
1	1.62	(0.86, 3.08)	0.138
TNM stage
III+IV	2.86	(1.73, 4.72)	<0.001	3.55	(0.88, 14.26)	0.074
Metastasis
(+)	5.14	(2.61, 10.12)	<0.001	2.36	(0.89, 6.26)	0.086

Abbreviations: LARS: leucyl-tRNA synthetase; DKK4: Dickkopf 4; L(L)D(L), LARS (low) DKK4 (low); L(L)D(H): LARS (low) DKK4 (high); L(H)D(L): LARS (high) DKK4 (low); L(H)D(H): LARS (high) DKK4 (high); DFS: disease-free survival; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval. Univariate analysis was performed by Cox regression analysis. Multivariate analysis retained only the statistically significant () prognostic factors in the Cox regression model. The variables tested were lymph node metastasis, N stage, TNM stage, metastasis, and the expression of LARS and DKK4 in combination. , , and .