Incidence and Predictors of Pressure Ulcers among Adult Patients in Intensive Care Units at Arba Minch and Jinka Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia
Table 6
Multivariable analysis among adult patients admitted to intensive care units at Arba Minch and Jinka Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia, 2021/22.
Variable
Category
Survival status
CHR (95% CI)
AHR (95% CI)
value
Censored (%)
PU (%)
Age
<40 years
143 (66.20)
10 (4.63)
1.0
≥40 years
48 (22.22)
15 (6.94)
3.6 (1.6-8.02)
2.73 (1.08-6.84)
0.032
Waterlow score within 6 hours of admission (PU risk calculator)
<10
112 (51.85)
4 (1.85)
1.0
≥10
79 (36.57)
21 (9.72)
3.2 (1.06-9.66)
2.76 (0.82-9.29)
0.102
Frequent positioning
No
26 (12.04)
9 (4.16)
2.9 (1.28-6.77)
0.56 (0.199)
0.261
Yes
165 (73.39)
16 (7.41)
1.0
Friction or shearing forces
No
185 (85.65)
7 (3.24)
1.0
Yes
6 (2.78)
18 (8.33)
11.8 (4.85-28.58)
4.47 (1.54-12.9)
0.006
Incontinence (fecal or/and urine)
No
136 (62.96)
19 (8.8)
1.0
Yes
55 (25.46)
6 (2.78)
0.48 (0.188-1.23)
0.48 (0.18-1.28)
0.143
Pressure-relieving devices
No
138 (63.89)
8 (3.70)
3.56 (1.53-8.30)
2.77 (0.99-7.76)
0.052
Yes
53 (24.54)
17 (7.87)
1.0
The Waterlow denotes less risk and ≥10 denotes at risk, high risk, and very high risk. AHR: adjusted hazard ratio; CHR: crude hazard ratio; PU: pressure ulcer.
