BioMed Research International / 2024 / Article / Tab 6 / Research Article
The COVID-19 Severity and Its Association with Intestinal Parasite Coinfection and Urine Biochemical Parameters among COVID-19-Confirmed Patients Admitted to Debre Markos University COVID-19 Center, Northwest Ethiopia Table 6 Associated factors with severe COVID-19 disease among confirmed 136 patients.
Patients characteristics Univariate analysis Multivariate analysis COR (95% CI) AOR (95% CI) Age group >60 0.714 (0.267-1.161) 0.002 1.821 (1.224-9.421) 0.006 <60 1 Sex Female 0.531 (0.123-1.186) 0.312 — — Male 1 Residence Urban 0.452 (0.621-1.524) 0.742 — — Rural 1 Occupations Unemployed 1 — — Employed 0.421 (0.145-1.721) 0.2742 — — Student 0.805 (0.621-2.121) 0.642 — — Health professionals 1.021 (0.112-1.431) 0.941 — — History of smoking 1.183 (0.217-2.148) 0.016 1.225 (0.355-4.230) 0.748 Nonsmoker 1 Alcohol drinking 0.880 (0.134-2.895) 0.392 — — Body mass index 18.5-24.9 1 <18.5 0.721 (0.213-1.841) 0.621 25.0-29.9 0.532 (0.0221-2.321) 0.714 >30.0 0.354 (0.919-1.801) 0.921 Traditional medicine use 0.088 (0.657-1.832) 0.817 — — Comorbidity At least 1 comorbidity 1.269 (1.360-9.898) 0.001 2.912 (1.542-7.245) 0.001 Hypertension 2.181 (1.310-3.051) <0.001 6.543 (1.999-21.411) 0.002 Diabetes 3.918 (2.344-5.492) <0.001 71.494 (11.744-44.081) <0.001 HIV 0.602 (0.542-1.338) 0.543 — — Malignant tumor 0.472 (0.096-3.040) 0.718 — — Asthma 0.507 (0.629-1.644) 0.382 — — COPD 1.897 (1.816-2.978) 0.001 9.001 (1.758-4.073) 0.008 CKD 1.570 (0.378-2.767) 0.114 — — CLD 0.605 (1.043-2.791) 0.043 3.283 (0.499-21.58) 0.216 CHF 1.465 (1.622-2.081) <0.001 3.577 (1.425-8.981) 0.007 Positive urine biochemical test 0.173 (0.561-1.907) 0.644 — — Parasite infection (any) 0.967 (0.532-0.864) 0.008 0.37 (0.151-0.941) 0.037 Helminth infection 0.376 (0.213-0.612) <0.001 0.475 (0.243-0.531) 0.001 Protozoa infection 0.621 (0.235-1.435) 0.521 — — Polyparasitism 0.331 (0.124-0.625) 0.001 0.435 (0.243-0.721) 0.001
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CLD: chronic liver disease; CHF: cardiac heart failure.
