Research Article
The Incidence of Depression among the Population of Central Kazakhstan and Its Relationship with Sociodemographic Characteristics
Table 2
Prevalence of depressive symptoms in different sociodemographic groups.
| | Attributes | N | 0 | 1 (1–4) | 2 (5–9) | 3 (10–14) | 4 (15–19) | 5 (20–27) | level | | n/p% (95% CI) | n/p% (95% CI) | n/p% (95% CI) | n/p% (95% CI) | n/p% (95% CI) | n/p% (95% CI) |
| | Gender | | Female | 967 | 189/19.7 (17.22; 22.18) | 276/28.53 (25.71; 31.35) | 285/29.44 (26.59; 32.29) | 158/16.35 (14.04; 18.66) | 47/4.77 (3.44; 6.1) | 12/1.22 (0.53; 1.91) | 0.000 | | Male | 853 | 254/29.78 (26.71; 32.85) | 244/28.6 (25.57; 31.63) | 219/25.67 (22.74; 28.6) | 90/10.55 (8.49; 12.61) | 36/4.22 (2.87; 5.57) | 10/1.17 (0.45; 1.89) | | Nationality | | Kazakhs | 1128 | 316/28.01 (25.39; 30.63) | 336/29.79 (27.12; 32.46) | 299/26.51 (23.93; 29.09) | 129/11.44 (9.58; 13.3) | 42/3.72 (2.62; 4.82) | 6/0.53 (0.11; 0.95) | 0.000 | | Russians | 447 | 82/18.34 (14.75; 21.93) | 119/26.62 (22.52; 30.72) | 136/30.43 (26.16; 34.7) | 73/16.33 (12.9; 19.76) | 30/6.71 (4.39; 9.03) | 7/1.57 (0.42; 2.72) | | Other | 245 | 44/17.96 (13.15; 22.77) | 63/25.71 (20.24; 31.18) | 72/29.39 (23.69; 35.09) | 47/19.18 (14.25; 24.11) | 10/4.08 (1.6; 6.56) | 9/3.67 (1.32; 6.02) | | Education | | Elementary | 64 | 14/21.88 (11.75; 32.01) | 20/31.25 (19.89; 42.61) | 13/20.31 (10.45; 30.17) | 11/17.19 (7.95; 26.43) | 5/7.81 (1.24; 14.38) | 1/1.56 (0; 4.6) | 0.000 | | Secondary | 702 | 204/29.06 (25.7; 32.42) | 177/25.21 (22; 28.42) | 181/25.78 (22.54; 29.02) | 93/13.25 (10.74; 15.76) | 39/5.56 (3.86; 7.26) | 8/1.14 (0.35; 1.93) | | Secondary special | 557 | 101/17.72 (14.59; 20.85) | 172/31.05 (27.25; 34.85) | 168/28.42 (24.72; 32.12) | 92/16.67 (13.61; 19.73) | 23/4.04 (2.42; 5.66) | 12/2.11 (0.93; 3.29) | | Higher | 497 | 128/25.75 (21.91; 29.59) | 151/30.38 (26.34; 34.42) | 151/30.38 (26.34; 34.42) | 51/10.26 (7.59; 12.93) | 15/3.02 (1.52; 4.52) | 1/0.2 (0; 0.59) | | Employment | | Unemployed | 624 | 143/22.92 (19.62; 26.22) | 163/26.12 (22.67; 29.57) | 166/26.6 (23.13; 30.07) | 101/16.19 (13.3; 19.08) | 40/6.41 (4.49; 8.33) | 11/1.76 (0.73; 2.79) | | | Employed | 1168 | 289/24.74 (22.27; 27.21) | 345/29.54 (26.92; 32.16) | 332/28.42 (25.83; 31.01) | 148/12.67 (10.76; 14.58) | 43/3.68 (2.6; 4.76) | 11/0.94 (0.39; 1.49) | 0.014 | | Learning | 28 | 10/35.71 (17.96; 53.46) | 11/39.29 (21.2; 57.38) | 6/21.43 (6.23; 36.63) | 1/3.57 (0; 10.44) | 0/0 (0; 0) | 0/0 (0; 0) | | Type of work | | Brainwork | 695 | 153/22.01 (18.93; 25.09) | 228/32.81 (29.32; 36.3) | 196/28.2 (24.85; 31.55) | 87/12.52 (10.06; 14.98) | 25/3.6 (2.21; 4.99) | 6/0.86 (0.17; 1.55) | 0.003 | | Physical work | 998 | 245/24.55 (21.88; 27.22) | 247/24.75 (22.07; 27.43) | 283/28.36 (25.56; 31.16) | 152/15.23 (13; 17.46) | 55/5.51 (4.09; 6.93) | 16/1.6 (0.82; 2.38) | | | Income | | Low | 650 | 144/22.33 (19; 25.66) | 166/26 (22.49; 29.51) | 180/28.33 (24.72; 31.94) | 110/16.67 (13.69; 19.65) | 42/5.33 (3.53; 7.13) | 8/1.33 (0.41; 2.25) | 0.000 | | Below the average | 236 | 33/13.98 (9.56; 18.4) | 76/32.2 (26.24; 38.16) | 66/27.97 (22.24; 33.7) | 37/15.68 (11.04; 20.32) | 17/7.2 (3.9; 10.5) | 7/2.97 (0.8; 5.14) | | Average | 686 | 189/28.14 (24.65; 31.63) | 183/27.2 (23.74; 30.66) | 201/30.03 (26.47; 33.59) | 82/11.32 (8.86; 13.78) | 26/2.52 (1.3; 3.74) | 5/0.79 (0.1; 1.48) | | Above average | 232 | 49/21.78 (16.39; 27.17) | 73/32.44 (26.32; 38.56) | 54/24 (18.42; 29.58) | 36/16 (11.21; 20.79) | 12/5.33 (2.39; 8.27) | 1/0.44 (0; 1.3) | | High | 16 | 4/25 (3.78; 46.22) | 8/50 (25.5; 74.5) | 3/18.75 (0; 37.88) | 1/6.25 (0; 18.11) | 0/0 (0; 0) | 0/0 (0; 0) | | Chronic diseases | | | No | 782 | 235/30.05 (26.84; 33.26) | 225/28.77 (25.6; 31.94) | 200/25.58 (22.52; 28.64) | 88/11.25 (9.04; 13.46) | 31/3.96 (2.59; 5.33) | 3/0.38 (0; 0.81) | 0.000 | | Yes | 1038 | 206/19.85 (17.42; 22.28) | 297/28.61 (25.86; 31.36) | 304/29.29 (26.52; 32.06) | 160/15.41 (13.21; 17.61) | 52/5.01 (3.68; 6.34) | 19/1.83 (1.01; 2.65) | | Physical activity | | | No | 321 | 81/25.48 (20.66; 30.3) | 106/33.12 (27.91; 38.33) | 83/25.8 (20.96; 30.64) | 27/8.28 (5.23; 11.33) | 17/5.1 (2.67; 7.53) | 7/2.23 (0.6; 3.86) | 0.008 | | Yes | 1499 | 349/23.28 (21.14; 25.42) | 418/27.89 (25.62; 30.16) | 425/28.35 (26.07; 30.63) | 225/15.01 (13.2; 16.82) | 67/4.47 (3.42; 5.52) | 15/1 (0.5; 1.5) |
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Statistically significant differences (chi-square test, ).
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