The Incidence of Depression among the Population of Central Kazakhstan and Its Relationship with Sociodemographic Characteristics

Table 3

Estimation of ordinal logistic regression parameters.

	Estimate	St. Er	Wald	Level	OR	95% CI
						Lower	Upper
Threshold
[Depressive symptoms = minimal]	0.54	0.61	0.80	0.370	1.73	0.52	5.73
[Depressive symptoms = mild]	1.86	0.61	9.21	0.002	6.42	1.93	21.37
[Depressive symptoms = moderate]	3.22	0.61	27.48	0.000	25.20	7.55	84.27
[Depressive symptoms = moderately severe]	4.63	0.62	55.64	0.000	103.34	30.54	349.67
[Depressive symptoms = severe]	6.25	0.65	92.68	0.000	522.70	146.20	1868.70
Location
[Gender = female]	0.35	0.08	15.87	0.000	1.43	1.20	1.70
[Gender = male]	0^a	.	.	.
[Age = 24–35]	0.12	0.16	0.61	0.434	1.13	0.83	1.55
[Age = 36–45]	−0.15	0.16	0.87	0.349	0.86	0.62	1.18
[Age = 46–60]	−0.05	0.14	0.11	0.732	0.95	0.72	1.27
[Age = 61–65]	0^a	.	.	.
[Nationality = other]	0.48	0.12	14.62	0.000	1.62	1.27	2.08
[Nationality = Russian]	0.46	0.10	19.55	0.000	1.59	1.29	1.94
[Nationality = Kazakhs]	0^a	.	.	.
[Education = elementary]	0.15	0.25	0.37	0.542	1.17	0.71	1.92
[Education = secondary]	−0.05	0.12	0.20	0.650	0.94	0.74	1.21
[Education = secondary special]	0.20	0.12	3.00	0.083	1.23	0.97	1.56
[Education = higher]	0^a	.	.	.
[Employment = unemployed]	0.92	0.37	6.19	0.013	2.52	1.22	5.20
[Employment = employed]	0.85	0.36	5.47	0.019	2.35	1.15	4.80
[Employment = learning]	0^a	.	.	.
[Work type = brainwork]	−0.03	0.10	0.13	0.711	0.96	0.78	1.18
[Work type = physical work]	0^a	.	.	.
[Income = low]	0.73	0.46	2.50	0.114	2.08	0.84	5.14
[Income = below the average]	1.08	0,472	5.269	0.022	2.95	1.17	7.45
[Income = average]	0.56	0.462	1.472	0.225	1.75	0.71	4.33
[Income = above average]	0.83	0.473	3.145	0.076	2.31	0.92	5.84
[Income = high]	0^a	.	.	.
[Chronic diseases = no]	−0.42	0.091	22.471	0.000	0.65	0.54	0.78
[Chronic diseases = yes]	0^a	.	.	.
[Physical activity = no]	0.27	0.111	6.103	0.013	1.32	1.06	1.64
[Physical activity = yes]	0^a	.	.	.

Link function: logit. ^aThis parameter is set to zero because it is redundant.