Association between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level and Stroke Risk: An Analysis Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of participants after multiple imputation.

Variables	Description ()
Age, years,
Gender, (%)
Male	4,201 (48.60)
Female	4,322 (51.40)
BMI, kg/m^2,	28.79 ± 0.10
Race, (%)
Mexican Americans	1,519 (8.31)
Other races	1,199 (9.87)
Non-Hispanic whites	4,294 (71.57)
Non-Hispanic blacks	1,511 (10.25)
Marital status, (%)
Married	4562 (57.47)
Widowed/divorced	1913 (17.89)
Unmarried	1377 (16.93)
Living with partner	671 (7.71)
Educational level, (%)
<high school	2408 (18.46)
High school	2010 (23.56)
>high school	4105 (57.98)
Family income, (%)
<20,000$	2100 (16.96)
≥20,000$	6423 (83.04)
Drinking, (%)	2337 (23.04)
Emphysema, (%)	203 (1.91)
Chronic bronchitis, (%)	474 (5.15)
Hypertension, (%)	3022 (30.53)
High cholesterol, (%)	3547 (39.33)
Diabetes mellitus, (%)	1045 (8.63)
Dietary intake,
Dietary fiber
Total fat
Fruits
Vegetables
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
Vitamin E
TC, nmol/L,
GHb, nmol/L,
HDL, nmol/L,
CRP, nmol/L,	0.38 ± 0.01
25(OH)D, nmol/L, (%)
Deficiency (<30)	749 (6.24)
Insufficiency (30-50)	2,026 (18.71)
Normal (50-125)	5,585 (72.40)
Adequacy (≥125)	163 (2.65)
Stroke, (%)
Yes	8,213 (97.20)
No	310 (2.80)

Notes: BMI: body mass index; TC: total cholesterol; GHb: glycated hemoglobin; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; CRP: C-reactive protein; 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Values were presented as or median and quartile (M (Q1 and Q3)) for continuous variables and (%) for categorical variables. In the NHANES 2007–2018 study, exam weight was taken into account.