Associations between Upper Extremity Motor Function and Aphasia after Stroke: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

Table 1

(a) Comparisons of demographic data between the PSA group and the non-PSA group

	PSA group ()	Non-PSA group ()	value
Female, (%)	82 (38.3)	71 (32.1)	0.176^b
Age, mean (SD) (y)			0.340^a
Education, mean (SD) (y)			0.184^a
Duration poststroke, median (IQR) (week)	16 (6-35)	14 (7-32)	0.316^c
Type of injury, (%)			0.586^b
Ischemia	180 (84.1)	190 (86.0)
Hemorrhage	34 (15.9)	31 (14.0)
Affected limb, (%)			0.297^b
Right	167 (78.0)	163 (73.8)
Left	47 (22.0)	58 (26.2)

(b) Comparisons of clinical variables between the PSA group and the non-PSA group

	PSA group ()	Non-PSA group ()	Mean difference (95% CI)	value
Motor evaluation, median (IQR)
FMA-UE	20 (7-40)	35 (23-52)	14 (10, 18)	<0.001^c
ARAT	5.5 (0-30)	21 (11-45)	11 (8, 13)	<0.001^c
Language evaluation, median (IQR)
BDAE		5	-3.43 (-3.6, -3.3)	<0.001^d
WAB-AQ	44.6 (18.1-70.6)
Spontaneous speech	7.0 (2.0-13.0)
Comprehension	126.0 (60.0-175.0)
Repetition	50.0 (9.8-80.0)
Naming	27.0 (0.8-67.3)

^aTwo independent sample -test. ^b test. ^cWilcoxon’s rank sum test. ^dSingle sample -test. Abbreviations: SD indicates standard error of the mean; IQR indicates interquartile range; CI indicates confidence interval; FMA-UE indicates the Fugl-Meyer assessment of the upper extremity; ARAT indicates the action research and action test; BDAE indicates the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination; WAB-AQ indicates the Western Aphasia Battery-Aphasia Quotient.