Establishment and Validation of a Predictive Model for Radiation-Associated Aspiration Pneumonia in Patients with Radiation-Induced Dysphagia after Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Table 2

Risk factors for radiation-associated aspiration pneumonia.

Variable	Univariate cox regression		Multivariate cox regression
	HR (95% CI)		HR (95% CI)
Age, years (<51 vs. ≥51)	1.458 (0.856-2.485)	0.166
Sex (male vs. female)	0.824 (0.437-1.553)	0.549
Current smoking (no vs. yes)	1.165 (0.466-2.916)	0.744
Diet		0.029
Oral diet	Reference
Gastrostomy	0.758 (0.105-5.497)	0.784
Nasogastric tube	3.448 (1.370-8.677)	0.009
Kubota water drinking test		<0.001		0.002
Grade 2	Reference		Reference
Grade 3	1.553 (0.698-3.454)	0.280	1.311 (0.583-2.946)	0.513
Grade 4	3.609 (2.038-6.391)	<0.001	3.245 (1.731-6.082)	<0.001
Grade 5	4.977 (1.480-16.739)	0.010	4.422 (1.291-15.148)	0.018
Steroid (no vs. yes)	0.508 (0.304-0.848)	0.010
of the GTVnx (<70 vs. ≥70)	1.048 (0.583-1.885)	0.876
of the GTVnd (<64 vs. ≥64)	2.016 (1.196-3.398)	0.009	2.640 (1.513-4.607)	0.001
Radiotherapy methods (conventional vs. IMRT)	0.593 (0.355-0.991)	0.046
Neutrophil count, ×10^9/L (<4.47 vs. ≥4.47)	1.840 (1.086-3.117)	0.023	2.004 (1.153-3.484)	0.014
Hemoglobin, g/L (<127.5 vs. ≥127.5)	0.575 (0.339-0.975)	0.040
LDL, mmol/L (<3.25 vs. ≥3.25)	0.505 (0.296-0.862)	0.012
Prealbumin, mg/L (<0.24 vs. ≥0.24)	0.499 (0.292-0.850)	0.011
Albumin, g/L (<39.3 vs. ≥39.3)	0.406 (0.235-0.701)	0.001
hsCRP, mg/L (<4.70 vs. ≥4.70)	3.121 (1.757-5.543)	<0.001
ESR, mm/h (<20 vs. ≥20)	6.041 (3.053-11.951)	<0.001	4.429 (2.183-8.987)	<0.001
TNM stage		0.285
Stage 1	Reference
Stage 2	1.452 (0.169-12.495)	0.734
Stage 3	1.830 (0.249-13.446)	0.553
Stage 4	2.811 (0.380-20.796)	0.312
Secondary radiotherapy (no vs. yes)	0.668 (0.208-2.137)	0.496
Chemotherapy (no vs. yes)	0.655 (0.310-1.383)	0.267