Energy Requirement of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study in Multiple Centers

Table 6

Comparison of demographic, anthropometric, dietary, and biochemical items in hemodialysis (HD) participants and matched non-HD groups with respect to resting energy expenditure (REE) (n = 62)¹.

Item	HD patients with REE measurement (n = 33)	Non-HD group (n = 33)
Demographics
Sex (male (%))	14 (42%)
Age (years)	59.7 ± 14.5	59.9 ± 14.6
Charlson comorbidity index	1.6 ± 1.3	0.4 ± 0.6
Diabetes mellitus (n (%))	13 (39%)	2 (6%)
Cardiovascular disease (n (%))	11 (34%	5 (15%)
Anthropometry
Weight (kg)^2	62.2 ± 16.6	62.5 ± 12.9
BMI (kg/m^2)^2	23.7 ± 4.7	24.0 ± 4.0
Body fat (%)	31.5 ± 11.0	30.7 ± 8.5
Biochemical item
Albumin (g/dL)	4.1 ± 0.3	4.4 ± 0.4
Hs-CRP (mg/dL)	0.5 ± 0.7	0.2 ± 0.3
Glucose (mg/dL)	110.1 ± 40.4	101.5 ± 41.1
Insulin (IU)	28.9 ± 53.4	10.0 ± 7.7
GNRI	99.9 ± 6.3	107.2 ± 6.6
Insulin resistance
HOMA-IR	7.7 ± 13.5	2.7 ± 2.5
Energy requirement
REE (kcal)	987.9 ± 276.1	932.4 ± 226.6
TEE (kcal)	1646.5 ± 460.1	1561.6 ± 373.9
TEE/kg (kcal)	26.8 ± 5.5	25.3 ± 5.1

¹ Values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, percentage, or median (range).² Dry body weight (in HD patients only). Significant difference between groups, according to an independent t-test or chi-square test (). BMI: body mass index, hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, GNRI: geriatric nutritional risk index, TEE: total energy expenditure, and HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance.