Research Article
The Association between Vitamin D Hypovitaminosis and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Saudi Diabetic Patients Type II
Table 1
Demographic, clinical and biochemical data among studied groups.
| | Variables | Diabetic patients | Control group | | (93) | (69) |
| | Age (years) | 50.59 ± 6.03 | 49.39 ± 3.96 | 0.15 | | Gender | | Male | 50 (53.8%) | 42 (60.9%) | 0.42 | | Female | 43 (46.2%) | 27 (39.1%) | | | Smokers | 10 (10.8%) | 12 (17.4%) | 0.16 | | Duration (years) | 4 (1–24) | — | | | Weight (Kg) | 88.07 ± 17.55 | 81.17 ± 5.86 | 0.002 | | BMI (Kg/M2) | 32.57 ± 5.16 | 29.28 ± 2.09 | 0.001 | | BMI categories | | 18–25 | 1 (1%) | 6 (8.7%) | 0.001 | | 25–29 | 23 (24.7%) | 30 (43.5%) | | | >30 | 69 (74.2%) | 33 (47.8%) | | | SBP (mmHg) | 143.12 ± 24.73 | 117.61 ± 5.61 | 0.0001 | | DBP (mmHg) | 89.03 ± 8.88 | 79.13 ± 4.8 | 0.0001 | | TC (mg/dl) | 176.7 ± 34.81 | 143.8 ± 9.7 | 0.0001 | | TG (mg/dl) | 142 (90–400) | 128.3 (67–299) | 0.008 | | LDLc (mg/dl) | 105.77 ± 25.88 | 97.6 ± 14.3 | 0.01 | | HDLc (mg/dl) | 40.7 ± 8.88 | 77.78 ± 13.1 | 0.0001 | | LDLc/HDLc | 2.76 ± 1.06 | 1.29 ± 0.28 | 0.0001 | | FBG (mg/dl) | 151.2 ± 39.65 | 87.47 ± 7.07 | 0.0001 | | 2H-PPG (mg/dl) | 205.4 ± 50.36 | 116.26 ± 19.4 | 0.0001 | | HbA1C (%) | 8.01 ± 1.4 | 4.99 ± 0.39 | 0.0001 | | Insulin (uIU/ml) | 16 (6–54) | 11 (10–14) | 0.0001 | | HOMA-IR | 5.48 (2.1–20.77) | 2.52 (1.98–3.18) | 0.0001 | | CRP (mg/dl) | 14.02 ± 4.67 | 3.04 ± 0.75 | 0.0001 | | ESR (mm/H) | 19 (6–118) | 11.9 (9.8–14.2) | 0.0001 | | Vitamin D (ng/ml) | 18 (6–34) | 21 (12–34) | <0.001 | | Vitamin D status | | Sufficiency | 21.5 (20) | 30.4 (21) | 0.3 | | In-sufficiency | 26.9 (25) | 29 (20) | | | Deficiency | 51.6 (48) | 40.6 (28) | |
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