Research Article
Perceptions, Challenges, and Opportunities of Chinese Language Learning in Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan: Exploring the Role of CPEC
Table 10
Result summary of Mann–Whitney
test.
| Items | Mean rank | Mann–Whitney | Wilcoxon | | Asymp. sig. (2-tailed) | Effect size () |
| Q1 | PJ | 76.42 | 845 | 2675 | -5.217 | 0.000 | 0.476 | SN | 44.58 | Q2 | PJ | 74.43 | 963.5 | 2794.5 | -4.648 | 0.000 | 0.424 | SN | 46.58 | Q3 | PJ | 73.43 | 1024 | 2854 | -4.292 | 0.000 | 0.392 | SN | 47.57 | Q4 | PJ | 68.31 | 1331.5 | 3161.5 | -2.622 | 0.009 | 0.239 | SN | 52.69 | Q5 | PJ | 69.38 | 1267.5 | 3097.5 | -2.958 | 0.003 | 0.270 | SN | 51.63 | Q6 | PJ | 79.48 | 661.5 | 2491.5 | -6.944 | 0.000 | 0.634 | SN | 41.53 | Q7 | PJ | 75.08 | 925 | 2755 | -4.737 | 0.000 | 0.432 | SN | 45.92 | | | | | | Q8 | PJ | 75.49 | 900.5 | 2730.5 | -4.997 | 0.000 | 0.456 | SN | 45.51 | | | | | | Q9 | PJ | 66.01 | 1469.5 | 3299.5 | -1.884 | 0.060 | 0.172 | SN | 54.99 | | | | | | Q10 | PJ | 68.50 | 1320 | 3150 | -2.890 | 0.004 | 0.264 | SN | 52.50 | | | | | | Q11 | PJ | 77.39 | 786.5 | 2616.5 | -5.857 | 0.000 | 0.535 | SN | 43.61 | | | | | | Q12 | PJ | 74.08 | 985 | 2815 | -4.677 | 0.000 | 0.427 | SN | 46.92 | | | | | | Q13 | PJ | 73.31 | 1031.5 | 2861.5 | -4.496 | 0.000 | 0.410 | SN | 47.69 | | | | | | Q14 | PJ | 75.41 | 905.5 | 2735.5 | -4.884 | 0.000 | 0.446 | SN | 45.59 | | | | | | Q15 | PJ | 72.14 | 1101.5 | 2931.5 | -3.896 | 0.000 | 0.356 | SN | 48.86 | | | | | | Q16 | PJ | 73.41 | 1025.5 | 2855.5 | -4.431 | 0.000 | 0.404 | SN | 47.59 | | | | | | Q17 | PJ | 49.23 | 1123.5 | 2953.5 | -3.774 | 0.000 | 0.345 | SN | 71.78 | | | | | | Q18 | PJ | 50.93 | 1225.5 | 3055.5 | -3.124 | 0.002 | 0.285 | SN | 70.08 | | | | | Q19 | PJ | 70.25 | 1215 | 3045 | -3.215 | 0.001 | 0.293 | SN | 50.75 | | | | |
|
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Indicates the (not significant). |