Research Article
Factors Associated with Chest Tube Placement in Blunt Trauma Patients with an Occult Pneumothorax
Table 1
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study sample.
| Variable | Total sample (n = 131) | Chest tube (n = 42) | No chest tube (n = 89) | value |
| Age | 44.48 ± 22.09 | 48.67 ± 20.46 | 42.51 ± 22.67 | 0.1370 | Sex | | | | | Female | 45 (34.35%) | 13 (30.95%) | 32 (35.96%) | 0.5736 | Male | 86 (65.65%) | 29 (69.05%) | 57 (64.04%) | | Number of fractured ribs | 4.33 ± 4.18 | 5.98 ± 4.21 | 3.55 ± 3.95 | 0.0017 | Patients with rib fractures | 97 (74.05%) | 38 (90.48%) | 59 (66.29%) | 0.0032 | Rib fracture type | | | | | Displaced | 53 (54.64%) | 27 (71.05%) | 26 (44.07%) | 0.0056 | Nondisplaced | 44 (45.36%) | 11 (28.95) | 33 (55.93%) | | OPTX size | | | | <0.0001 | Small | 112 (85.50%) | 26 (61.90%) | 86 (96.63%) | | Moderate | 16 (12.21%) | 13 (13.95%) | 3 (3.37%) | | Large | 2 (1.52%) | 2 (4.76%) | 0 (0.00%) | | Unknown | 1 (0.7%) | 1 (2.38%) | 0 (0.00%) | | Smoking status | | | | 0.0656 | Active | 26 (19.85%) | 8 (19.05%) | 18 (20.22%) | | Never | 88 (67.18%) | 25 (59.52%) | 63 (70.79%) | | Quit | 7 (5.34%) | 2 (4.76%) | 5 (5.62%) | | Unknown | 10 (7.63%) | 7 (16.67%) | 3 (3.37%) | | Intubated patients | 47 (36.15%) | 31 (75.61%) | 16 (17.98%) | <0.0001 | Mechanism of injury | | | | 0.3657 | Bicyclist | 4 (3.05%) | 2 (4.76%) | 2 (2.25%) | | Fall | 26 (19.85%) | 6 (14.28%) | 20 (22.47%) | | Motor vehicle crash | 62 (47.33%) | 19 (45.24%) | 43 (30.16%) | | Motor cycle crash | 17 (12.98%) | 4 (9.52%) | 13 (14.61%) | | Pedestrian struck | 20 (15.27%) | 10 (23.81%) | 10 (11.24%) | | Hit by blunt instrument | 2 (1.53%) | 1 (2.38%) | 1 (1.12%) | | Oxygen saturation | 97.47 ± 4.0 | 96.98 ± 5.80 | 97.71 ± 2.78 | 0.4458 | Number of chest X-rays | 6.34 ± 7.26 | 12.69 ± 9.41 | 3.34 ± 2.88 | <0.0001 | Hospital length of stay | 9.69 ± 12.86 | 18.29 ± 17.88 | 5.63 ± 6.59 | <0.0001 | ICU length of stay | 3.41 ± 5.08 | 6.64 ± 6.85 | 1.89 ± 3.00 | <0.0001 | ISS | 20.99 ± 10.95 | 25.76 ± 14.15 | 18.74 ± 8.23 | 0.0042 | RTS | 7.33 ± 1.16 | 6.76 ± 1.61 | 7.59 ± 0.76 | 0.0031 | POS | 0.89 ± 0.18 | 0.80 ± 0.23 | 0.93 ± 0.14 | 0.0020 | Prehospital RR | 17.07 ± 6.03 | 16.11 ± 6.72 | 17.64 ± 5.57 | 0.2365 | Prehospital PO2 | 91.35 ± 23.34 | 87.82 ± 23.72 | 93.06 ± 23.30 | 0.4536 | Prehospital GCS | 12.74 ± 4.02 | 12.03 ± 4.38 | 13.16 ± 3.78 | 0.2277 | Mortality | 12 (9.16%) | 7 (16.67%) | 5 (5.62%) | 0.0408 | Complication rate | 31 (23.66%) | 15 (35.71%) | 3 (3.37%) | 0.0003 |
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Notes. ; OPTX = occult pneumothorax; ICU = intensive care unit; ISS = Injury Severity Score; RTS = Revised Trauma Score; POS = probability of survival; RR = respiration rate; PO 2 = partial pressure of oxygen; GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale. |