Efficacy of Thiamine in the Treatment of Postcardiac Arrest Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients randomized to receive thiamine or placebo.

Characteristics	Thiamine (n = 20)	Placebo (n = 17)
Age, mean (SD) (y)	69.1 (13.9)	63.1 (14.2)
Male gender	14 (70)	12 (70.6)
Comorbidities
Hypertension	10 (50)	9 (52.9)
Diabetes mellitus	3 (15)	4 (23.5)
Coronary artery disease	5 (25)	2 (11.8)
Others	10 (50)	13 (35.1)
Witnessed arrest	19 (95)	17 (100)
Bystander CPR	9 (45)	10 (58.8)
Shockable rhythm	11 (55)	8 (47.1)
Nonshockable rhythm	9 (45)	9 (52.9)
Time from cardiac arrest to event, median (IQR) (min)
Start of BLS	5 (1–22)	5 (1–15)
Start of ACLS	12 (2–30)	10 (5.5–18.5)
ROSC	28.5 (8–46.5)	23 (14.5–34)
CPR time, median (IQR) (min)	13 (6.5–30)	14 (9–23.5)
Number of defibrillation attempts, median (IQR)	1 (0–3)	2 (0–3)
Adrenaline doses, median (IQR) (mg)	3 (2–6)	3 (2–6)
Causes of cardiac arrest
Cardiac causes	14 (70)	12 (70.6)
STEMI^a	11 (78)	3 (25)
Other causes	6 (30)	5 (29.4)
Time from admission to receiving intervention drugs, median (IQR) (h)	3.5 (2–5.7)	2 (1–4)
GCS	6 (3–7)	5 (3–8)
Circulatory shock^b	20 (100)	14 (82.4)
APACHE II, mean (SD)	25.1 (6.4)	25.8 (8.1)
Thiamine level (nmol/L)	91 (82.2–125.8)	98 (70–113.5)
Lactate level (mmol/L)	7.2 (3.5–10.8)	7.1 (4.8–10.7)
S100B level (μg/L)	0.33 (0.159–0.719)	0.659 (0.173–2.155)
Procedures
Coronary angiography	11 (55)	7 (41.2)
Percutaneous coronary intervention	7 (35)	4 (23.5)
Targeted temperature management	8 (40)	8 (47.1)
Complications
VAP	9 (45)	7 (41.2)
AKI	18 (90)	16 (94.1)

Data are presented as numbers (%) unless otherwise specified. ^aSignificant with . ^bCirculatory shock was defined as a systolic blood pressure of <90 mmHg for >30 min or end organ hypoperfusion (i.e., cool extremities, urine output < 30 mL/h, and heart rate < 60 beats/min). ACLS, advanced cardiovascular life support; AKI, acute kidney injury; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; BLS, basic life support; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; IQR, interquartile range; ROSC, return of spontaneous circulation; SD, standard deviation; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia