|
| Barriers | Strategies |
|
| Patient-related barriers | |
| (i) Hemodynamic instability | (i) Stepwise approach |
| (ii) Pain | (ii) Pain management before mobilization |
| (iii) Deep sedation | (iii) Regular assessment, lighter sedation |
| (iv) Agitation and delirium | (iv) Assessment, antipsychotic medications |
| (v) Patient denial, lacking motivation | (v) Patient education and encouragement |
| (vi) ICU equipment and devices | (vi) Portable devices, secure lines, drains, and interdisciplinary teamwork |
|
| Structural barriers | |
| (i) Limited staff | (i) Additional staff, independent mobility team |
| (ii) Lack of protocols and limited guidelines | (ii) Develop protocols, safety criteria |
| (iii) Limited equipment | (iii) Training for appropriate use of equipment, financial, and the cost analysis model of economic benefit |
|
| Cultural barriers | |
| (i) Lack of mobilization culture | (i) Promotion of mobility programs |
| (ii) Early mobilization, not a priority | (ii) Interprofessional education |
|
| Process-related barriers | |
| (i) A dearth of coordination and planning | (i) Regular screening of patients, interprofessional coordination, and planning |
| (ii) Risks for mobility providers | (ii) Training, appropriate equipment, and mobility team |
|
