Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation to Support COVID-19 Patients: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study

Table 2

Progress, complications, and outcomes.

	COVID-19 ECMO patients (n = 24)	COVID-19 non ECMO patients (n = 62)	p value	Matched cohorts (n = 24)	p-value
LOS ICU (days)	33.21 ± 23.16	17.70 ± 17.56	<0.001	30.82 ± 21.48	0.78
LOS total (days)	38.35 ± 25.88	25.43 ± 20.31	<0.01	40.86 ± 24.25	0.74
ICU mortality	11 (45.80%)	4 (6.50%)	<0.001	4 (16.6%)	0.02
3-month mortality	12 (50.00%)	4 (6.50%)	<0.001	4 (16.6%)	<0.001
Highest SOFA score	12.17 ± 2.46	6.59 ± 4.61	<0.001	11.95 ± 4.25	0.54
PaO2	62.27 ± 13.38	57.02 ± 12.57	0.12	53.96 ± 11.45	0.03
PaCO2	49.55 ± 13.16	38.52 ± 11.79	<0.001	42.17 ± 11.98	0.04
pH	7.32 ± 0.09	7.31 ± 0.89	<0.001	7.39 ± 0.19	0.04
SaO2	89.05 ± 4.56	87.79 ± 5.19	0.47	86.08 ± 5.36	0.08
Lactate	2.05 ± 2.56	1.55 ± 0.54	0.77	1.58 ± 0.65	0.38
P/F ratio	64.59 ± 14.22	72.27 ± 47.26	0.29	59.17 ± 17.82	0.04
Invasive mechanical ventilation	24 (100%)	30 (48.39%)	<0.001	24 (100%)	1.00
Prone ventilation	24 (100%)	45 (72.60%)	<0.01	21 (87.50%)	0.07
PEEP	11.05 ± 2.20	14.48 ± 3.82	0.03	13.52 ± 3.86	0.01
PIP	24.74 ± 4.86	34.48 ± 7.82	<0.001	33.42 ± 8.52	<0.01
Neuromuscular blockers	20 (83.33%)	27 (43.55%)	<0.001	21 (87.50%)	0.24
Treatment
Corticosteroid	22 (91.7%)	53 (85.5%)	0.44	20 (83.3%)	0.38
Plaquenil	2 (8.3%)	13 (21.0%)	0.16	8 (33.3%)	0.03
Remdesivir	0 (0.0%)	1 (1.6%)	0.53	1 (4.2%)	0.31
Complications
Sepsis	22 (91.70%)	29 (46.80%)	<0.001	22 (91.70%)	1.00
CRRT	7 (29.20%)	5 (8.10%)	0.01	5 (20.80%)	0.51
AKI	10 (41.70%)	12 (19.40%)	0.03	10 (41.70%)	1.00

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or as frequencies. A p-value <0.05 is considered statistically significant.