Early Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Preserves Muscle Size and Quality and Maintains Systemic Levels of Signaling Mediators of Muscle Growth and Inflammation in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Figure 2

Muscle echogenicity and thickness measured by ultrasound from Day 1 to Day 7 after hospital admission in critically ill trauma patients. (a) Muscle echogenicity. (b) Muscle echogenicity diff. in means per day (D1 to D7) between groups (control vs. NMES). (c) Muscle thickness. (d) Muscle thickness diff. in means per day (D1 to D7) between groups (control vs. NMES). value <0.05 assessed by two-way ANOVA. Control: control group; NMES: neuromuscular electrical stimulation group.

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